Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Propaganda
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Today, February 19, 2026
February 19-28: National Brotherhood
Week: -- National Brotherhood Week begins, an observance begun by
the NCCJ (National Conference For Community And Justice;
originally called the National Conference Of Christians And Jews),
an American social justice organization focused on fighting biases
and promoting understanding between people of different races and
cultures. The organization was founded in 1927 in response to the
anti-Semitism and anti-Catholic sentiment surrounding Al Smith's
run for President. The NCCJ promoted observance of a "National
Brotherhood Day" in the 1930s. It was expanded to Brotherhood
Week starting in 1936, with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who
was Al Smith's running mate for Vice President, named honorary
chairman. In 1944, National Brotherhood Week included extensive
radio programming, military and USO participation, and an
"education program of nationwide scope" aimed at
"extending good will and understanding among religious
groups". By the early 2000s, the event had lost relevancy and
was eventually canceled. The national organization dissolved in
2005 following a diminishing of its endowment, but individual
chapters around the country carry on the organization's mission.
Tom Lehrer satirized National Brotherhood Week in a 1965 song of
the same name, recorded on his album That Was the Year That Was.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Montparnasse Revisited: The Genius That Was Paris DVD, MP4, USB
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19: Constantin Brancusi Day: --
February 19, 1876: #BOTD: #HBD! Constantin Brancusi, nicknamed
"The Patriarch Of Modern Sculpture", Romanian sculptor,
painter, and photographer who made his career in France,
considered one of the most influential sculptors of the 20th
century and a pioneer of modernism (d. March 16, 1957) is #born in
the village of Hobita, Gorj, near Targu Jiu, Romanian United
Principalities close to the Carpathian Mountains in modern
Romania. As a child, he displayed an aptitude for carving wooden
farm tools. Formal studies took him first to Bucharest, then to
Munich, then to the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1905 to
1907. His art emphasizes clean geometrical lines that balance
forms inherent in his materials with the symbolic allusions of
representational art. Brancusi sought inspiration in non-European
cultures as a source of primitive exoticism, as did Paul Gauguin,
Pablo Picasso, Andre Derain, and others. However, other influences
emerge from Romanian folk art traceable through Byzantine and
Dionysian traditions. Brancusi died aged 81 in Paris, France. He
is buried in the Cimetiere Du Montparnasse in Paris. This cemetery
also displays statues that Brancusi carved for deceased artists.
At his death, Brancusi left 1200 photographs and 215 sculptures.
He bequeathed part of his collection to the French state on
condition that his workshop be rebuilt as it was on the day he
died. This reconstruction of his studio, adjacent to the Pompidou
Centre, is open to the public. Brancusi's studio inspired Swedish
architect Klas Anshelm's design of the Malmo Konsthall, which
opened in 1975. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII
Films: U.S. Propaganda And Morale Films DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19: U.S. Coast Guard Reserve
Birthday: -- February 19, 1941: #BOTD: #HBD! The U.S. Coast Guard
Reserve is born when Congress gives the Coast Guard Reserve a
legislative mandate to use civilians. It was done to promote
safety on the high seas and the nation's navigable waters. It was
non-military and was formed by unpaid, volunteer U.S. citizens who
owned yachts or boats. In the late 1930s, a group of volunteer
U.S. citizens who owned boats and yachts got together to promote
water safety, seamanship, and other water-based missions. Known as
the Coast Guard Auxiliary in 1939, the U.S. Coast Guard Reserve
bears little to no resemblance to the organization from back then.
In 1939, a federal law authorized the Auxiliary. Another law
passed by Congress in 1941 modeled the Auxiliary after the Naval
Reserve and named it the Coast Guard Reserve. Today, the Coast
Guard Reserve falls under the U.S. military, under the Department
of Homeland Security. The Coast Guard Reserve comprises the
Regular Reservists, who were on active duty during World War II,
and the Temporary Reservists, who performed coastal patrols and
port security duties. The Coast Guard Reserve made up over 90% of
the 214,000 members who served in the Coast Guard in World War II
and is one of the seven reserve components of the U.S. armed
forces. Through the eight Port Security Units, the Coast Guard
Reservists help with the national response to terrorism, and
disasters, providing important expeditionary support to the
Department of Defense. Participating in various joint military and
rescue exercises across the world, the Reserve personnel have
provided help for 12 hurricane and six major flood operations,
along with active duty and participation in Operations Desert
Shield or Storm and Operation Uphold Democracy in Haiti. On Sale @
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Today's
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Today, February 19, 2026
February 19: National Vet Girls RISE Day:
-- Highlights the contribution of women veterans who worked in the
U.S. military and gives an opportunity to the community and
national bodies to give back to them. For female veterans, the day
is also an opportunity to celebrate the life-long bonds they have
formed during their service. It is no easy feat to serve in the
military and then transition back to civilian life. For this
reason, Vet Girls RISE's purpose is to support female veterans and
improve their lives. National Vet ROCK Day was established in
2017, celebrating the history and lives of women in the military.
Long before women were allowed to serve in the military, they
participated in wars as nurses, cooks, and caretakers for the
soldiers. In 1908, President Theodore Roosevelt established the
Navy Nurse Corps; the first 20 female participants were called
'The Sacred Twenty.' The first woman to be officially enlisted was
Loretta Perfectus Walsh in 1917, when she joined the American
Navy. Women were officially allowed to participate in active
military and combat roles in the last two years of World War Il.
33,000 women signed up to serve in different roles. Hundreds of
them were a part of the Women Airforce Service Program, testing
military aircraft. They have also made a remarkable distinction in
the history of the U.S military. After the Civil War, Dr. Mary E.
Walker was honored with a medal for her work as a surgeon during
the war. In 1998, Commander Maureen Farren became the first woman
to command a combatant ship, the USS Mount Vernon. In 2016,
Captain Kristen Griest became the first female Army Infantry
commander, after graduating from Ranger school. Female veterans
also struggle with mental, physical, and financial problems, and
find it difficult to integrate into civilian life after
experiencing war. Many women suffer from MST (Military Sexual
Trauma), cardiovascular risk factors, depression, eye and skin
disorders, and spine conditions. This calls for support and care
from every person. Support groups for female vets have been
created and National Vet Girls ROCK Day was established to create
more awareness and give them more support. It is celebrated in
meet-up groups in different spots around the country; you can join
one to celebrate. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Battle
Of Iwo Jima Documentaries Set DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19: Iwo Jima Day: -- February
19, 1945: World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The
Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of
World War II: The Volcano And Ryukyu Islands Campaign: The Battle
Of Iwo Jima (Operation Detachment): -- About 30,000 United States
Marines land on the island of Iwo Jima. The Battle Of Iwo Jima
(February 18 - March 26, 1945) was a major battle in which the
United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the
island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World
War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment,
had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three
Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the
Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the
Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the
fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War
II. After the heavy losses incurred in the battle, the strategic
value of the island became controversial. It was useless to the
U.S. Army as a staging base and useless to the U.S. Navy as a
fleet base. However, Navy Seabees rebuilt the landing strips,
which were used as emergency landing strips for USAAF B-29s. The
Imperial Japanese Army positions on the island were heavily
fortified, with a dense network of bunkers, hidden artillery
positions, and 11 miles of underground tunnels. The American
ground forces were supported by extensive naval artillery, and had
complete air supremacy provided by U.S. Navy and Marine Corps
aviators throughout the entire battle. Japanese combat deaths
numbered three times the number of American deaths although,
uniquely among Pacific War Marine battles, American total
casualties exceeded those of the Japanese. Of the 21,000 Japanese
soldiers on Iwo Jima at the beginning of the battle, only 216 were
taken prisoner, some of whom were captured because they had been
knocked unconscious or otherwise disabled. The majority of the
remainder were killed in action, although it has been estimated
that as many as 3,000 continued to resist within the various cave
systems for many days afterwards, eventually succumbing to their
injuries or surrendering weeks later. On February 18, 1945, the
133rd Naval Construction Battalion (NCB) of the Seabees joined the
Fifth Marine Amphibious Corps and the Fourth Marine Division for
the amphibious assault on Iwo Jima. The next day, the entire force
landed on Iwo Jima on D-Day with the first assault wave led by the
Fourth Marine Division. The 133rd NCHB suffered severe casualties
during the fight for Iwo Jima, where it distinguished itself in
both front-line combat and construction. The 133rd NCHC had 370
casualties, more than 40 percent of the 875 men that landed, the
highest casualties as part of a single battle in Seabee history.
Joe Rosenthal's Associated Press photograph of the raising of the
U.S. flag on top of the 169 m (554 ft) Mount Suribachi by six U.S.
Marines became an iconic image of the battle and the American war
effort in the Pacific. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Medal Of
Honor: World War II: Pearl Harbor & Pacific MP4 Download DVD
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19: Iwo Jima Day: -- February
19, 1945: #DOTD: #RIP: John Basilone, United States Marine Corps
Gunnery Sergeant who received the Medal Of Honor for heroism above
and beyond the call of duty during the Battle For Henderson Field
in the Guadalcanal campaign, and the Navy Cross posthumously for
extraordinary heroism during the Battle Of Iwo Jima, the only
enlisted Marine to receive both of these decorations in World War
II (b. November 4, 1916) #dies killed in action on the first day
of the invasion of Iwo Jima, after single-handedly destroying an
enemy blockhouse and leading a Marine tank under fire safely
through a minefield. Including the Medal Of Honor, he has received
many honors, including having base streets, military facilities,
and two United States Navy destroyers named for him. John Basilone
was born in his Italian American parents' home on November 4,
1916, in Buffalo, New York. He enlisted in the Marine Corps on
June 3, 1940, after serving three years in the United States Army
with duty in the Philippines. He was deployed to Guantanamo Bay,
Cuba, and in August 1942, he took part in the invasion of
Guadalcanal. In October, he and the two machine-gun sections under
his command held off an attack by a numerically far superior
Japanese force. He was one of only three Marines in that group to
survive. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Revelation: The History Of Christianity DVD, Video Download, USB
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 356: Rome: Ancient Rome:
Religion In Ancient Rome: The Roman Empire: Religious Policies Of
Constantius II: Persecution Of Pagans In The Late Roman Empire:
Anti-paganism Policy Of Constantius II: -- Emperor Constantius II
issues a decree closing all pagan temples in the Roman Empire. The
religious policies of Constantius II were a mixture of toleration
for some pagan practices and repression for other pagan practices.
He also sought to advance the Arian or Semi-Arianian heresy within
Christianity, policies in contrast with the religious policies of
his father, Constantine the Great, whose Catholic orthodoxy was
espoused in the Nicene Creed and who largely tolerated paganism in
the Roman Empire. Constantius also sought to repress Judaism. Laws
dating from the 350s prescribed the death penalty for those who
performed or attended pagan sacrifices, and for the worshipping of
idols. Pagan temples were shut down, and the Altar of Victory was
removed from the Senate meeting house. There were also frequent
episodes of ordinary Christians destroying, pillaging and
desecrating many ancient pagan temples, tombs and monuments.
Paganism was still popular among the population at the time. The
emperor's policies were passively resisted by many governors and
magistrates. Constantius II's legislation began with the banning
of the pagan practice of sacrifice. This was in keeping with his
personal maxim was: "Cesset superstitio; sacrificiorum
aboleatur insania" (Let superstition cease; let the folly of
sacrifices be abolished). According to Libanius, Constantius was
effectively under the control of others who inspired him to end
pagan sacrifices. With the collapse of official government
sanctioned pagan rites, private cults attempted to infiltrate the
temples. In the year 353 Constantius prohibited pagan sacrifice
under the penalty of death. He also shut down some temples,
forbade access to them, and ended their subsidies of public taxes.
Consistent with Christian theology, Constantius carried out on an
active campaign against magicians, astrologers and other diviners.
This may also be due to his becoming fearful that others might use
these means to make someone else emperor. In 357 Constantius
removed the Altar of Victory in the Senate house because of the
complaints of some Christian Senators. This altar had been
installed by Augustus in 29 BC; each Senator had traditionally
made a sacrifice upon the altar before entering the Senate house.
This altar was later restored, either silently, soon after
Constantius' departure, or by the emperor Julian. The pretender
Magnentius killed Constans. Although he used Christian symbols on
his coins, he revoked the anti-paganism legislation of Constans
and even permitted the celebration of nocturnal sacrifices. Three
years later, in the year 353, Constantius defeated Magnentius and
once again forbade the performance of the rituals. This law seems
to have had little effect as we find Constantius once again
legislating against paganism in 356. Constantius now declared that
anyone found guilty of attending sacrifices or of worshipping
idols would be executed. It appears the magistrates were
uncomfortable with carrying out this law; it was largely ignored.
The government's policies could not be rigidly executed due to the
strength of paganism among the population. No matter what the
imperial edicts declared in their fearful threats, the vast
numbers of pagans, and the passive resistance of pagan governors
and magistrates rendered them largely impotent in their
application. Consequently, the emperor never attempted to disband
the various Roman priestly colleges or the Vestal Virgins, He
never acted against the various pagan schools. He even ordered the
election of a priest for Africa. Also, he remained as the pontifex
maximus until his death, and was deified by the Roman Senate after
his death. The effects of policy were enough to contribute to a
widespread trend towards Christian conversion, though not enough
to make paganism extinct. The relative moderation of Constantius'
actions toward paganism is reflected by the fact that it was not
until over 20 years after Constantius' death, during the reign of
Gratian, that any pagan senators protested their religion's
treatment. Some Christians encouraged the emperor to take even
more extreme measures in their zeal to stamp out paganism, e.g. in
the aftermath of the abolition of sacrifices. Firmicus Maternus, a
convert to Christianity, urged: "Paganism, most holy
emperors, must be utterly destroyed and blotted out, and
disciplined by the severest enactments of your edicts, lest the
deadly delusion of the presumption continue to stain the Roman
world" and "How fortunate you are that God, whose agents
you are, has reserved for you the destruction of idolatry and the
ruin of profane temples." Constantius enacted another law
that exacted a fine from those who were guilty of vandalizing
sites holy to pagans and placed the care of these monuments and
tombs under the pagan priests. Although often considered an Arian,
Constantius ultimately preferred a third, compromise version that
lay somewhere in between Arianism and the Nicene Creed,
retrospectively called Semi-Arianism. During his reign he
attempted to mold the Christian church to follow this compromise
position, convening several Christian councils. The most notable
of these were the Council of Rimini and its twin at Seleucia,
which met in 359 and 360 respectively. "Unfortunately for his
memory the theologians whose advice he took were ultimately
discredited and the malcontents whom he pressed to conform emerged
victorious," writes the historian A.H.M. Jones. "The
great councils of 359-60 are therefore not reckoned ecumenical in
the tradition of the church, and Constantius II is not remembered
as a restorer of unity, but as a heretic who arbitrarily imposed
his will on the church." Christian-related edicts issued by
Constantius (by himself or with others) included: Exemption from
compulsory public service for the clergy; Exemption from
compulsory public service for the sons of clergy; Tax exemptions
for clergy and their servants, and later for their family; Tax
exemption for land owned by the church, but clergy-owned land not
tax exempt; Clergy and the issue of private property; Bishops
exempted from being tried in secular courts; Christian prostitutes
only able to be bought by members of the clergy or other
state-approved Christians. Judaism faced some severe restrictions
under Constantius, who seems to have followed an anti-Jewish
policy in line with that of his father. Early in his reign,
Constantius issued a double edict in concert with his brothers
limiting the ownership of slaves by Jewish people and banning
marriages between Jews and Christian women. A later edict issued
by Constantius after becoming sole emperor decreed that a person
who was proven to have converted from Christianity to Judaism
would have all of his property confiscated by the state. However,
Constantius' actions in this regard may not have been so much to
do with Jewish religion as with Jewish business-apparently,
privately owned Jewish businesses were often in competition with
state-owned businesses. As a result, Constantius may have sought
to provide an advantage to state-owned businesses by limiting the
skilled workers and slaves available to Jewish businesses.
Jew-related edicts issued by Constantius (by himself or with
others) included: Weaving women who moved from working for the
government to working for Jews must be restored to the government;
Jews may not marry Christian women; Jews may not attempt to
convert Christian women; Any non-Jewish slave bought by a Jew will
be confiscated by the state; If a Jew attempts to circumcise a
non-Jewish slave, the slave will be freed and the Jew shall face
capital punishment; Any Christian slaves owned by a Jew will be
taken away and freed; A person who is proven to have converted
from Christianity to Judaism shall have their property confiscated
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Triumph Of
The West 13 Part TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1473: #BOTD: #HBD! Nicolaus
Copernicus, Polish Renaissance-era polymath considered the founder
of modern astronomy, Doctor Of Canon Law, mathematician,
physician, classics scholar, translator, governor, diplomat,
economist and polyglot (multilinguist) whose theory of the
universe placed the Sun rather than Earth at the center of the
universe (heliocentrism) (d. May 24, 1543) is #born in Torun,
Royal Prussia, Poland. In all likelihood, he arrived at his theory
of heliocentrism independently of Aristarchus of Samos, who had
articulated similar ideas some eighteen centuries earlier. The
publication of Copernicus' book De revolutionibus orbium
coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), just
before his death in 1543, was a major event in the history of
science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making a
pioneering contribution to the Scientific Revolution. Copernicus
was born and died in Royal Prussia, a region that had been part of
the Kingdom Of Poland since 1466. In 1517 he derived the quantity
theory of money (QTM), a key concept in monetary economics that
states that the general price level of goods and services is
directly proportional to the amount of money in circulation, or
money supply. In 1519 he formulated an economic principle that
later came to be called Gresham's law, a monetary principle
stating that "bad money drives out good"; for example,
if there are two forms of commodity money in circulation, which
are accepted by law as having similar face value, the more
valuable commodity will gradually disappear from circulation.
Nicolaus Copernicus died aged 70 in Frombork, Royal Prussia,
Poland, after having been seized with apoplexy (hemorrhagic
stroke) and paralysis towards the close of 1542. Legend has it
that he was presented with the final printed pages of his De
Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (Latin: "On The Revolutions
Of The Heavenly Spheres"), his seminal work on the
heliocentric theory, on the very day that he died, allowing him to
take farewell of his life's work. He is reputed to have awoken
from a stroke-induced coma, looked at his book, and then died
peacefully. Copernicus was reportedly buried in Frombork
Cathedral, where a 1580 epitaph stood until being defaced; it was
replaced in 1735. For over two centuries, archaeologists searched
the cathedral in vain for Copernicus's remains. Efforts to locate
them in 1802, 1909, 1939 had come to nought. In 2004 a team led by
Jerzy Gassowski, head of an archaeology and anthropology institute
in Pultusk, Poland, a town known for its historic architecture and
Europe's longest paved marketplace (380 metres/1,250 ft long)
began a new search, guided by the research of historian Jerzy
Sikorski. In August 2005, after scanning beneath the cathedral
floor, they discovered what they believed to be Copernicus's
remains. The discovery was announced only after further research,
on November 3, 2008. Gassowski said he was "almost 100
percent sure it is Copernicus". Forensic expert Capt. Dariusz
Zajdel of the Polish Police Central Forensic Laboratory used the
skull to reconstruct a face that closely resembled the
features-including a broken nose and a scar above the left eye-on
a Copernicus self-portrait. The expert also determined that the
skull belonged to a man who had died around age 70-Copernicus's
age at the time of his death. The grave was in poor condition, and
not all the remains of the skeleton were found; missing, among
other things, was the lower jaw. The DNA from the bones found in
the grave matched hair samples taken from a book owned by
Copernicus which was kept at the library of the University of
Uppsala in Sweden. On May 22, 2010, Copernicus was given a second
funeral in a Mass led by Jozef Kowalczyk, the former papal nuncio
to Poland and newly named Primate of Poland. Copernicus's remains
were reburied in the same spot in Frombork Cathedral where part of
his skull and other bones had been found. A black granite
tombstone identifies him as the founder of the heliocentric theory
and also a canon of the Warmian Cathedral chapter there. The
tombstone bears a representation of Copernicus's model of the
Solar System: a golden Sun encircled by six of the planets. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Gettysburg: A Video Civil War History DVD, Video Dowload, USB
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1859: Crime: Crimes Of
Passion: The Insanity Defense: Temporary Insanity: The Trial Of
Daniel Sickles: -- Daniel Sickles, a New York Congressman later to
become a Union Army General during the American Civil War (b.
Daniel Edgar Sickles October 20, 1819 - May 3, 1914) is acquitted
of murdering his wife's lover Philip Key, son of Francis Scott
Key, on grounds of temporary insanity, the first time this defense
is successfully used in the United States. Sickles had been
censured by the New York State Assembly for escorting a known
prostitute, Fanny White, into the Assembly's chambers. He also
reportedly took her to England, while leaving his beautiful
pregnant wife, Teresa Bagioli Sickles, at home. He presented White
to Queen Victoria, using as her alias the surname of a New York
political opponent. Despite all this, on February 27, 1859, in
Lafayette Square, across the street from the White House, Sickles
shot and killed Philip Barton Key II, the United States Attorney
for the District of Columbia and the son of Francis Scott Key,
because Sickles discovered that Philip Key was having an affair
with his neglected wife. Sickles surrendered at Attorney General
Jeremiah Black's house, a few blocks away on Franklin Square, and
confessed to the murder. After a visit to his home, accompanied by
a constable, Sickles was taken to jail. He received numerous
perquisites, including being allowed to retain his personal
weapon, and receive numerous visitors. So many visitors came that
he was granted the use of the head jailer's apartment to receive
them. They included many congressmen, senators, and other leading
members of Washington society. President James Buchanan sent
Sickles a personal note. Harper's Magazine reported that the
visits of his wife's mother and her clergyman were painful for
Sickles. Both told him that Teresa was distracted with grief,
shame, and sorrow, and that the loss of her wedding ring (which
Sickles had taken on visiting his home) was more than Teresa could
bear. Sickles was charged with murder. He secured several leading
politicians as defense attorneys, among them Edwin Stanton, later
to become Secretary of War, and Chief Counsel James T. Brady who,
like Sickles, was associated with Tammany Hall. Sickles pleaded
temporary insanity-the first use of this defense in the United
States. Before the jury, Stanton argued that Sickles had been
driven insane by his wife's infidelity, and thus was out of his
mind when he shot Key. The papers soon trumpeted that Sickles was
a hero for "saving all the ladies of Washington from this
rogue named Key." Sickles had obtained a graphic confession
from Teresa; it was ruled inadmissible in court, but was leaked by
him to the press and printed in the newspapers in full. The
defense strategy ensured that the trial was the main topic of
conversations in Washington for weeks, and the extensive coverage
of national papers was sympathetic to Sickles. An article in the
June 18, 1945 edition of Time magazine, "Yankee King of
Spain", states "'You are here to fix the price of the
marriage bed!', roared Associate Defense Attorney John Graham, in
a speech so packed with quotations from Othello, Judaic history
and Roman law that it lasted two days and later appeared as a
book.' In the courtroom, the strategy brought drama, controversy,
and, ultimately, an acquittal for Sickles. Sickles publicly
forgave Teresa (though Sickles made no public apologies for taking
Fanny White to meet Queen Victoria), and "withdrew"
briefly from public life, although he did not resign from
Congress. The public was apparently more outraged by Sickles's
forgiveness and his reconciliation with his wife than by the
murder and his unorthodox acquittal. Upon the outbreak of the
American Civil War in 1861, Sickles became one of the war's most
prominent political generals, recruiting the New York regiments
that became known as the Excelsior Brigade in the Army of the
Potomac. Despite his lack of military experience, he served as a
brigade, division, and corps commander in some of the early
Eastern campaigns. His military career ended at the Battle Of
Gettysburg in July 1863, after he moved his III Corps without
orders to an untenable position, where they suffered 40%
casualties but slowed General James Longstreet's flanking
maneuver. Sickles himself was wounded by cannon fire at Gettysburg
and had to have his leg amputated. He was eventually awarded the
Medal of Honor for his actions. Sickles devoted considerable
effort to trying to gain credit for helping achieve the Union
victory at Gettysburg, writing articles and testifying before
Congress in a manner that denigrated the intentions and actions of
his superior officer, Maj. Gen. George Meade. After the war,
Sickles was appointed as a commander for military districts in the
South during Reconstruction. He also served as U.S. Minister to
Spain under President Ulysses S. Grant. Later he was re-elected to
Congress, where he helped pass legislation to preserve the
Gettysburg Battlefield. Sickles lived out the remainder of his
life in New York City, dying of a cerebral hemorrhage on May 3,
1914, at the age of 94. His funeral was held at St. Patrick's
Cathedral in Manhattan on May 8, 1914. He was buried in Arlington
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Thomas A.
Edison: The Wizard Of Menlo Park + 3 Bonus Titles MP4 DVD
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1878: Great Inventions: The
History Of Sound Recording: The Phonograph: -- Thomas Edison
patents the phonograph, a device for the mechanical recording and
reproduction of sound. In its later forms, it is also called a
gramophone (as a trademark since 1887, as a generic name in the UK
since 1910) or, since the 1940s, a record player. The sound
vibration waveforms are recorded as corresponding physical
deviations of a spiral groove engraved, etched, incised, or
impressed into the surface of a rotating cylinder or disc, called
a "record". To recreate the sound, the surface is
similarly rotated while a playback stylus traces the groove and is
therefore vibrated by it, very faintly reproducing the recorded
sound. In early acoustic phonographs, the stylus vibrated a
diaphragm which produced sound waves which were coupled to the
open air through a flaring horn, or directly to the listener's
ears through stethoscope-type earphones. The phonograph was
invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta
Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s and introduced
the graphophone, including the use of wax-coated cardboard
cylinders and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a
zigzag groove around the record. In the 1890s, Emile Berliner
initiated the transition from phonograph cylinders to flat discs
with a spiral groove running from the periphery to near the
center, coining the term gramophone for disc record players, which
is predominantly used in many languages. Later improvements
through the years included modifications to the turntable and its
drive system, the stylus or needle, and the sound and equalization
systems. The disc phonograph record was the dominant audio
recording format throughout most of the 20th century. In the
1980s, phonograph use on a standard record player declined sharply
due to the rise of the cassette tape, compact disc, and other
digital recording formats. However, records are still a favorite
format for some audiophiles, DJs and turntablists (particularly in
hip hop and electronic dance music), and have undergone a revival
since the 1990s. The original recordings of musicians, which may
have been recorded on tape or digital methods, are sometimes
re-issued on vinyl. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Mighty
Mouse TV Cartoon Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1887: #BOTD: #HBD! Paul
Terry, American cartoonist, screenwriter, film director and
producer, founder of Terrytoons (d. October 25, 1971) is #born
Paul Houlton Terry in San Mateo, California. Paul Terry produced
over 1,300 cartoons between 1915 and 1955 including the many
Terrytoons cartoons whose most famous characters are Mighty Mouse
and Heckle and Jeckle, as well as Gandy Goose and Dinky Duck. His
nephew, Alex Anderson, created the characters of Rocky the Flying
Squirrel, Bullwinkle, and Dudley Do-Right, as well as Crusader
Rabbit. Paul Terry died aged 84 at the Memorial Hospital for
Cancer and Allied Diseases in New York City. As of 2023, his
daughter Patricia Terry-Leahy has her father's cremated remains in
her North Carolina home. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Things To
Come 1936 H.G. Wells Raymond Massey Ralph Richardson MP4 DVD
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1893: #BOTD: #HBD! Cedric
Hardwicke, English soldier, stage and film actor and director
whose career spanned nearly 50 years (d. August 6, 1964) is #born
Cedric Webster Hardwicke in Lye, Stourbridge, Worcestershire,
England. Sir Cedric Webster Hardwicke's theatre work included
notable performances in productions of the plays of Shakespeare
and Shaw, and his film work included portraying Pharaoh Sethi in
Cecil B. DeMille's The Ten Commandments as well as leading roles
in several adapted literary classics. Hardwicke enlisted at the
outbreak of the First World War. He served with the London
Scottish from 1914 to 1921 as an officer in the Judge Advocate's
branch of the British Army in France. He was one of the last
members of the British Expeditionary Force to leave France.
According to the Daily Mirror of January 1, 1934, Hardwicke was
one of the officers who escorted The Unknown Warrior from France.
Cedric Hardwicke died of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COP) aged 71 in New York City. Hardwicke's body was flown back to
England; after a memorial service he was cremated at Golders Green
Crematorium in north London, where his ashes were scattered.
#CedricHardwicke #Actors #FilmDirectors #Shakespeare
#GeorgeBernardShaw #ThingsToCome #Movies #Film #MotionPictures
#Cinema #BritishCinema #CinemaOfTheUK #Stage #Theater #Theatre
#MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Private Life Of Don Juan 1934 Douglas Fairbanks DVD, Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1911: #BOTD: #HBD! Merle
Oberon, Indian-American-British actress, singer, cultural icon,
sex symbol and beauty who began her film career in British films
as Anne Boleyn in the 1933 film The Private Life of Henry VIII (d.
November 23, 1979) is #born Estelle Merle O'Brien Thompson in
Bombay, British India. Merle was given "Queenie" as a
nickname, in honour of Queen Mary, who visited India along with
King George V in 1911, the year of her birth. For most of her
life, Merle protected herself by concealing the truth about her
parentage, claiming that she had been born in Tasmania, Australia,
and that her birth records had been destroyed in a fire. She was
raised as though she was the daughter of Arthur Terrence O'Brien
Thompson, a British mechanical engineer from Darlington who worked
in Indian Railways and his partner, Charlotte Selby, a Eurasian
from Ceylon (Sri Lanka). Her mother also had Maori ancestry.
However, according to her birth certificate, Merle's biological
mother was Charlotte's then-12-year-old daughter, Constance.
Charlotte had herself given birth to Constance at the age of 14,
the result of rape by Henry Alfred Selby, the Anglo-Irish foreman
of a tea plantation. To avoid scandal, Charlotte raised Merle as
Constance's half-sister. After her success in The Scarlet
Pimpernel (1934), she travelled to the United States to make films
for Samuel Goldwyn. She was nominated for an Academy Award for
Best Actress for her performance in The Dark Angel (1935). A
traffic collision in 1937 caused facial injuries that could have
ended her career, but she recovered and remained active in film
and television until 1973. In 1914, when Merle was 3, her
presumptive fathre Arthur Thompson joined the British Army and
later died of pneumonia on the Western Front during the Battle Of
The Somme. Merle and Charlotte led an impoverished existence in
shabby flats in Bombay for a few years. Then, in 1917, they moved
to better circumstances in Calcutta (present-day Kolkata). Oberon
received a foundation scholarship to attend La Martiniere Calcutta
for Girls, one of the best private schools in Calcutta. There, she
was constantly taunted for her mixed ethnicity, eventually leading
her to quit school and receive lessons at home. Oberon first
performed with the Calcutta Amateur Dramatic Society. She was also
completely enamored with films and enjoyed going out to
nightclubs. Indian journalist Sunanda K. Datta-Ray claimed that
Merle worked as a telephone operator in Calcutta under the name
Queenie Thomson and won a contest at Firpo's Restaurant there,
before the outset of her film career. In Firpo's, in 1929, Merle
met a former actor, Colonel Ben Finney, and dated him; however,
when he saw Charlotte one night at her flat, he realized Oberon
was of mixed ancestry and ended the relationship. However, Finney
promised to introduce her to Rex Ingram of Victorine Studios (whom
he had known through his relationship with the late Barbara La
Marr), if she was prepared to travel to France, which she readily
did. After packing all their belongings and moving to France,
Oberon and her mother found that their supposed benefactor avoided
them, although he had left a good word for Oberon with Ingram at
the studios in Nice. Ingram liked Oberon's exotic appearance and
quickly hired her to be an extra in a party scene in a film named
The Three Passions. Oberon arrived in England for the first time
in 1928, aged 17. Initially she worked as a club hostess under the
name Queenie O'Brien and played in minor and unbilled roles in
various films. "I couldn't dance or sing or write or paint.
The only possible opening seemed to be in some line in which I
could use my face. This was, in fact, no better than a hundred
other faces, but it did possess a fortunately photogenic quality,"
she told a journalist at Film Weekly in 1939. In view of the
information discovered since this 1939 article should be seen as
part of a myth perpetrated by Oberon. Her film career received a
major boost when the director Alexander Korda took an interest and
gave her a small but prominent role, under the name Merle Oberon,
as Anne Boleyn in The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933) opposite
Charles Laughton. The film became a major success and she was then
given leading roles, such as Lady Blakeney in The Scarlet
Pimpernel (1934) with Leslie Howard, who became her lover for a
while. Oberon's career benefited from her relationship with, and
later marriage to, Korda. He sold "shares" of her
contract to producer Samuel Goldwyn, who gave her good vehicles in
Hollywood. Her "mother" stayed behind in England. Oberon
earned her sole Academy Award for Best Actress nomination for The
Dark Angel (1935) produced by Goldwyn. Around this time she had a
serious romance with David Niven, and according to one biographer
even wanted to marry him, but he was not faithful to her. She was
selected to star in Korda's 1937 film, I, Claudius, as Messalina,
but her injuries in a car accident resulted in the film being
abandoned. She went on to appear as Cathy in the highly acclaimed
film Wuthering Heights (opposite Laurence Olivier; 1939), as
George Sand in A Song to Remember (1945) and as the Empress
Josephine in Desiree (1954). According to Princess Merle, the
biography written by Charles Higham with Roy Moseley, Oberon
suffered damage to her complexion in 1940 from a combination of
cosmetic poisoning and an allergic reaction to sulfa drugs.
Alexander Korda sent her to a skin specialist in New York City,
where she underwent several dermabrasion procedures. The results,
however, were only partially successful; without makeup,
noticeable pitting and indentation of her skin could be seen.
Oberon's mother, Charlotte Selby, who was actually her birth
grandmother, died in 1937. In 1949, Oberon commissioned paintings
of Charlotte from an old photograph, which hung in all her homes
until Oberon's own death in 1979. Oberon married director
Alexander Korda in 1939. Still married, she had a brief affair in
1941 with Richard Hillary, an RAF fighter pilot who had been badly
burned in the Battle Of Britain. They met while he was on a
goodwill tour of the United States. He later became well known as
the author of a best-selling book, The Last Enemy. Oberon had an
on-again, off-again affair with actor John Wayne from 1938 to
1947. Oberon became Lady Korda when her husband was knighted in
1942 by George VI for his contribution to the war effort. At the
time, the couple were based at Hills House in Denham, England. She
divorced him in 1945, to marry cinematographer Lucien Ballard.
Ballard devised a special camera light for her to eliminate on
film her facial scars suffered in a 1937 accident. The light
became known as the "Obie". She and Ballard divorced in
1949. Oberon next married Italian-born industrialist Bruno Pagliai
in 1957, adopted two children with him and lived in Cuernavaca,
Morelos, Mexico. In 1973, Oberon met then 36-year-old Dutch actor
Robert Wolders while they filmed Interval. Oberon divorced Pagliai
and married Wolders, who was 25 years her junior, in 1975. To
avoid prejudice over her mixed background, Oberon created a "cover
story" of being born and raised in Tasmania, Australia, and
her birth records being destroyed in a fire. The story eventually
unravelled after her death. Oberon is known to have been to
Australia only twice. Her first visit was in 1965, on a film
promotion. Although a visit to Hobart was scheduled, after
journalists in Sydney pressed her for details of her early life,
she became ill and shortly afterwards left for Mexico. In 1978,
the year before her death, she agreed to visit Hobart for a Lord
Mayoral reception. The Lord Mayor of Hobart became aware shortly
before the reception that there was no proof she had been born in
Tasmania but, to save face, went ahead with the reception. Shortly
after arriving at the reception, Oberon, however, to the
disappointment of many, denied she had been born in Tasmania. She
then excused herself, claiming illness, and was unavailable to
answer any more questions about her background. On the way to the
reception, she had told her driver that as a child she was on a
ship with her father, who became ill when it was passing Hobart.
They were taken ashore so he could be treated and so she spent
some of her early years on the island. During her Hobart stay, she
remained in her hotel, gave no other interviews, and did not visit
the theatre named in her honour. Oberon retired after Interval and
moved with Wolders to Malibu, California, where she died in 1979,
aged 68, after suffering a stroke. Her body was interred at Forest
Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. Oberon has a
star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame (at 6250 Hollywood Boulevard)
for her contributions to Motion Pictures. Michael Korda, nephew of
Alexander Korda, wrote a roman a clef about Oberon after her death
titled Queenie. This was adapted into a television miniseries
starring Mia Sara. F. Scott Fitzgerald's unfinished novel The Last
Tycoon was made into the television series, with Jennifer Beals
playing Margo Taft, a character based on Oberon. On November 23,
1979, Merle Oberon died in Malibu, California at the age of 68
after suffering a stroke. Her body was interred at Forest Lawn
Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: World War
I: The War Files TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1915: The European Civil
War: World War I: The First European War (The European Theater Of
World War I): The African Theatre Of World War I: The Middle
Eastern Theater Of World War I: The Battle Of Gallipoli (The
Gallipoli Campaign, The Dardanelles Campaign, The Defense Of
Gallipoli): Naval Operations In The Dardanelles Campaign: -- The
first naval attack on the Dardanelles begins when a strong
Anglo-French task force bombards Ottoman artillery along the coast
of Gallipoli (Italian form of the Greek name Kallipolis,
"Beautiful City"). Also known from Classical Antiquity
as the Hellespont (Classical Greek, Romanized: Hellespontos, "Sea
of Helle"), the Dardanelles is a narrow, natural strait and
internationally significant waterway in northwestern Turkey that
forms part of the continental boundary between Europe and Asia,
and separates Asian Turkey from European Turkey. The Gallipoli
Peninsula is located in the southern part of East Thrace, the
European part of Turkey, with the Aegean Sea to the west and the
Dardanelles strait to the east. On February 17, 1915, a British
seaplane from the world's first aircraft carrier, HMS Ark Royal,
flew a reconnaissance sortie over the Dardanelles straits. Two
days later, the first attack on the Dardanelles began when a
strong Anglo-French task force, including the British dreadnought
HMS Queen Elizabeth, began a long-range bombardment of Ottoman
coastal artillery batteries. The British had intended to use eight
aircraft from Ark Royal to spot for the bombardment but harsh
conditions rendered all but one of these, a Short Type 136,
unserviceable. A period of bad weather slowed the initial phase
but by February 25 the outer forts had been reduced and the
entrance cleared of mines. After this, Royal Marines were landed
to destroy guns at Kum Kale and Seddulbahir, while the naval
bombardment shifted to batteries between Kum Kale and Kephez. The
Gallipoli campaign, also known as the Dardanelles campaign, the
Battle Of Gallipoli or the Battle of Canakkale (Turkish: Canakkale
Savasi), was a campaign of the First World War that took place on
the Gallipoli peninsula (Gelibolu in modern Turkey), from February
17, 1915 to January 9, 1916. The Entente powers, Britain, France
and Russia, sought to weaken the Ottoman Empire, one of the
Central Powers, by taking control of the straits that provided a
supply route to Russia. The Allies' attack on Ottoman forts at the
entrance of the Dardanelles in February 1915 failed and was
followed by an amphibious landing on the Gallipoli peninsula in
April 1915 to capture the Ottoman capital of Constantinople
(Istanbul). In January 1916, after eight months' fighting, with
approximately 250,000 casualties on each side, the land campaign
was abandoned and the invasion force withdrawn. It was a costly
defeat for the Allies and for the sponsors, especially First Lord
of the Admiralty (1911-1915), Winston Churchill. The campaign was
considered a great Ottoman victory. In Turkey, it is regarded as a
defining moment in the history of the state, a final surge in the
defence of the motherland as the Ottoman Empire retreated. The
struggle formed the basis for the Turkish War Of Independence and
the declaration of the Republic of Turkey eight years later, with
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who rose to prominence as a commander at
Gallipoli, as founder and president. The campaign is often
considered to be the beginning of Australian and New Zealand
national consciousness; April 25, the anniversary of the landings,
is known as ANZAC Day, the most significant commemoration of
military casualties and veterans in the two countries, surpassing
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Open
Mind With Bill Jenkins Radio Series DVD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1918: #BOTD: #HBD! Andrija
Puharich, medical and parapsychological researcher, medical
inventor, physician and author, known as the person who brought
Israeli Uri Geller (born 1946) and Dutch-born Peter Hurkos
(1911-1988) to the United States for scientific investigation (d.
January 3, 1995) is #born Henry Karel Puharic in Chicago,
Illinois, one of seven children born to Croatian immigrants. His
father had emigrated from what was then the Austro-Hungarian
Empire, entering the U.S. in 1912 as a stowaway. At home Karel's
parents always called him "Andrija," which apparently
wasn't his name at birth but just his parents' nickname for him.
When Karel, as a young boy, started attending school, his parents
enrolled him under the name "Henry Karl Puharich,"
feeling he would be more easily accepted with that name than with
the foreign-sounding name "Karel Puharic." Thereafter he
often signed his name as "Henry Karl Puharich." He
didn't start using his nickname "Andrija" as his first
name until sometime in the later part of his life. During World
War II, Puharich attended Northwestern University as a student in
the Army Specialized Training Program. He earned an undergraduate
degree in philosophy and pre-medicine in 1943 and received his
M.D. from the Northwestern University School of Medicine in 1947.
His residency was completed at the Permanente Research Foundation
in Oakland, California, where he specialized in internal medicine.
From 1953 to 1955, he served as a captain in the Army Medical
Corps; in this capacity, he was assigned as Chief, Outpatient
Service, U.S. Army Dispensary, Army Chemical Center, Edgewood
Arsenal, Maryland. By this time he was already presenting papers
on the possible military usefulness of paranormal phenemona.
During that time, he was in and out of Edgewood Arsenal Research
Laboratories and Fort Detrick, meeting with various high-ranking
officers and officials, primarily from The Pentagon, CIA, and
Naval Intelligence. Puharich was impressed by the stories about
the Dutch psychic Peter Hurkos and invited him to the U.S. in 1956
to investigate his alleged abilities. In 1960, Puharich
investigated materialization seances at Camp Chesterfield, but
discovered the use of cheesecloth being used to fake ectoplasm.
Puharich played himself on Perry Mason television series, in the
episode, "The Case of the Meddling Medium," in 1961. He
conducted a series of three tests to help determine the ESP of
Mason's client accused of murder. During the third test, the
actual murderer was exposed. In 1971, Puharich met Israeli psychic
Uri Geller and endorsed him as a genuine psychic. Puharich wrote a
supportive 1974 biography of Geller, a subject he had investigated
with the help of Itzhak Bentov, among others. He also investigated
and thought favorably of the Brazilian psychic surgeon Ze Arigo,
providing an afterword for his 1974 biographer. Puharich also
investigated Mexican psychic surgeon Pachita. One of his books is
The Sacred Mushroom: Key to the Door of Eternity, describes his
work with psychics.In the 1970s, Puharich claimed he had
investigated the effects of a low frequency radiation beam that
the Soviet Union had been testing. According to Puharich the beam
was based on the work of Nikola Tesla and could be used as a
weapon to control people. He also claimed the beam was responsible
for climatic disturbances, earthquakes, Legionnaires' disease and
violent riots. Puharich wrote Tesla was contacted several times by
extraterrestrials. Two of the most famous of Puharich's 50-plus
patents were devices that assist hearing: the "Means For
Aiding Hearing" U.S. Patent 2,995,633 and "Method And
Apparatus For Improving Neural Performance In Human Subjects By
Electrotherapy" U.S. Patent 3,563,246". He was also
granted a U.S. Patent 4,394,230 in 1983 for a "Method and
Apparatus for Splitting Water Molecules." His research
included studying the influence of extremely low frequency ELF
electromagnetic wave emissions on the mind, and he invented
several devices allegedly blocking or converting ELF waves to
prevent harm. While working in Mexico, Puharich married and later
divorced Rebecca Alban Hoffberger, the future founder and director
of The American Visionary Art Museum, America's official national
museum for outsider art, located in Baltimore, Maryland. A
colorful public figure, she has been called by Stephanie Mansfield
"the P. T. Barnum of the outsider art world". In
December, 1952, Puharich invited Hindu mystic D. G. Vinod to one
of his channeling sessions. During the experiment Vinod went into
a trance and claimed to have contacted a group of entities calling
themselves "The Nine". Puharich was impressed by the
stories about the Dutch psychic Peter Hurkos and invited him to
the U.S. in 1956 to investigate his alleged abilities. Hurkos was
studied at Puharich's Glen Cove, Maine, medical research
laboratory under what Puharich considered to be controlled
conditions. The results convinced Puharich that Hurkos had genuine
psychic abilities. However the experiments were not repeated by
other scientists. Puharich was described as a "credulous
investigator." Raymond Buckland has written "with the
exception of Dr. Andrija Puharich, not a single recognized psychic
investigator has been impressed with Hurkos's performances."
Puharich met Uri Geller in 1971 and endorsed him as a genuine
psychic. Under hypnosis, Geller claimed he was sent to earth by
extraterrestrials from a spaceship 53,000 light years away. Geller
would later deny the space-fantasy claims, but affirmed there "is
a slight possibility that some of my energies do have
extraterrestrial connection." In 1974, Puharich claimed he
had observed Geller transmute base metal into gold by psychic
power. Puharich also stated that Geller teleported a dog through
the walls of his house. Martin Gardner wrote as "no expert on
fraud was there as an observer" then nobody should take the
claim of Puharich seriously. His paranormal claims about Geller
were criticized by the psychologist David Marks. In his biography
of Geller, Uri: A Journal of the Mystery of Uri Geller (1974)
Puharich claimed that with Geller he had communicated with super
intelligent computers from outer space. According to Puharich the
computers sent messages to warn humanity that a disaster is likely
to occur if humans do not change their ways. Puharich claimed that
extraterrestrial beings had communicated to him that Geller was
the chosen savior of humanity and had been given the ability to
contact flying saucers and perform paranormal phenomena such as
psychokinesis, spoon bending, telepathy and teleportation. He also
claimed to have experienced poltergeist phenomena with Geller. The
psychologist Christopher Evans who reviewed the book in the New
Scientist, wrote that although Puharich believed in every word he
had written, the book was credulous and "those fans of
Geller's who might have hoped to have used the book as ammunition
to impress the sceptics. They will be the most disappointed of
all". James Randi has written the biography contained "silly
theories" but was "both a boost and a millstone to
Geller". Puharich is said to have conducted some form of
hypnosis with Greta Woodrew at Lab Nine on his estate in Ossining,
New York. It was through these sessions that Woodrew allegedly
made psychic contact with extraterrestrial beings. Andrija
Puharich died after suffering a heart attack and falling down a
flight of steps aged 76 at his residence on the Surry County
estate of Richard Joshua Reynolds (R.J. Reynolds, founder of the
R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company) in Dobson, North Carolina. In
1980, "Josh" Reynolds had invited Andrija to the estate
to study the effects of electromagnetic field on brain waves. He
was one of the three scientists, the others being Elizabeth
Rauscher and William Van Bise, who were ordered by a magistrate to
leave the estate before Puharich's fall. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Color Of
Honor: The Japanese-American Soldier In WWII MP4 Or DVD
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1921: #BOTD: #HBD! George T.
Sakato, second generation Japanese-American (Nisei), American
citizen soldier, Medal Of Honor recipient (d. December 2, 2015) is
#born George Taro Sakato in Colton, California. Sakato's Medal Of
Honor recognized his heroic conduct in frontline fighting in
northern France in 1944. He charged an enemy stronghold, and then
took command of his platoon and led it in defense of the position.
Known by the nickname "Joe", he graduated from Redlands
High School in Redlands, California. The Sakato family moved to
Arizona during World War II to avoid internment. Sakato joined the
US Army in March 1944. He volunteered to be part of the all-Nisei
442nd Regimental Combat Team and was assigned to 3rd platoon,
Company E, 2nd Battalion. The US Army unit was mostly made up of
Americans of Japanese descent from Hawaii and the mainland. Sakato
was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) for
extraordinary heroism on October 29, 1944 in France. In the 1990s,
there was a review of US military service records of Americans of
Asian descent who received the DSC during World War II. Sakato's
award was upgraded to the Medal Of Honor. President Bill Clinton
presented Sakato the Medal Of Honor during a ceremony at the White
House on June 21, 2000. Twenty-one other American servicemen of
World War II of Asian descent also were presented the Medal Of
Honor during the ceremony, but only seven were living recipients.
His Medal Of Honor Citation reads: "Private George T. Sakato
distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 29
October 1944, on hill 617 in the vicinity of Biffontaine, France.
After his platoon had virtually destroyed two enemy defense lines,
during which he personally killed five enemy soldiers and captured
four, his unit was pinned down by heavy enemy fire. Disregarding
the enemy fire, Private Sakato made a one-man rush that encouraged
his platoon to charge and destroy the enemy strongpoint. While his
platoon was reorganizing, he proved to be the inspiration of his
squad in halting a counter-attack on the left flank during which
his squad leader was killed. Taking charge of the squad, he
continued his relentless tactics, using an enemy rifle and P-38
pistol to stop an organized enemy attack. During this entire
action, he killed 12 and wounded two, personally captured four and
assisted his platoon in taking 34 prisoners. By continuously
ignoring enemy fire, and by his gallant courage and fighting
spirit, he turned impending defeat into victory and helped his
platoon complete its mission. Private Sakato's extraordinary
heroism and devotion to duty are in keeping with the highest
traditions of military service and reflect great credit on him,
his unit, and the United States Army." In the evening of
December 2, 2015, Sakato died in Denver, Colorado at the age of
94. He is buried at Fairmount Cemetery in Denver, Colorado. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Sandy
Becker TV Kid Shows Collection DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1922: #BOTD: #HBD! Sandy
Becker, television and radio announcer, tv kid show host, actor,
and comedian, host of several popular children's programs in New
York City, especially The Sandy Becker Show, which ran from 1955
to 1968 on Channel 5 WABD-TV and WNEW-TV (d. April 9, 1996) is
#born George Sanford Becker in New York City, where he was raised.
He held local radio announcing jobs before first reaching public
fame on radio as the title character of the series Young Doctor
Malone, a role he was invited to take to television but declined
in order to pursue his own television projects. Originally a
pre-medical student at New York University in the 1930s, Becker
played the good doctor on the radio for a decade, after having
been the show's announcer. Soon, he started working for Channel 5
and began hosting a program featuring Bugs Bunny cartoons, The
Looney Tunes Show, on weeknights from 1955 to 1958. A second
Friday night program called Bugs Bunny Theater ran from 1956 to
1957. Becker also did television announcing, such as for Wildroot
Cream-Oil ads in the television series The Adventures of Robin
Hood. He did radio spots for Crisco, as well. In the middle of
those activities, Becker found his true calling, spun in large
part off from his knack for entertaining his own 3 children, with
his vocal and comic versatility and mimicry. This led him to his
morning show, beginning in 1955. He soon added a noontime program,
Sandy Becker's Funhouse, briefly in 1955. He also hosted the
syndicated Wonderama television show from 1955-56. Becker would
also host a weekday afternoon and evening children's wraparound
program, The Sandy Becker Show, which had him playing comedic
characters, performing puppet skits, engaging his viewers in
informational segments and contests, and interviewing guest
performers and personalities in-between the reruns of movie and TV
cartoons. The Sandy Becker Show was seen weekday afternoons and
evenings from Monday, March 30, 1961, to Friday, February 16,
1968. The show also ran on Saturday evenings, from March 27, 1961
to September 4, 1965. Becker's propensity for doing comic voices
brought him much work in animation. His best-known work there was
perhaps Mr. Wizard on King Leonardo and His Short Subjects -
"Drizzle, drazzle, drozzle, drone / Time for this one to come
home" - who was always indulging, then rescuing Tooter Turtle
from his outlandish wishes. Becker also provided the voices for
Sergeant Okie Homa and Ruffled Feathers on Go Go Gophers. The
former character sounded similar to John Wayne, while the latter
simply exploded into babbling gibberish whenever he explained his
latest idea to stop the coyote adversaries. On his morning and
(later) afternoon children's programs, Becker created such
characters as double-talking disc jockey Hambone, the addled, but
brilliant Big Professor (who claimed to know the answer to every
question in the world), rumpled Hispanic kid's show host K.
Lastima, incompetent mad scientist Dr. Gesundheit, and - showing a
remarkable knack for silent comedy - simple-minded Norton Nork,
whose routines of earnest bumbling were joined only by musical
accompaniment and a droll Becker narration that ended, invariably,
with, "That's my boy, Norton Nork - you've done it again!"
He also had a real bird in a cage called "Chipper".
Another aspect of Becker's humor was derived from his interaction
with his (often ethnically stereotyped) hand puppets, which
included; Marvin Mouse, Googie, the German-accented Geeba Geeba,
the English Sir Clive Clyde, Wowee the Indian, the space creature
Sputnik, the Latino K. Lastima (the name taken from the Spanish
phrase "_Que lastima!" {"What a pity"}), and
the Irish Danny Moran. Becker's show was so popular in the New
York area, that when he began using a version of the Hambone theme
music from an old 78 rpm record by Red Saunders, which was
recorded in 1952, Okeh Records re-released the song on a 45 rpm
record. Enough kids bought the record that it reached survey
position #22 on local rock radio station WMCA in March 1963. For
the morning show's own theme music, Sandy came to use Guy Warren's
"That Happy Feeling" as recorded in 1962 by Bert
Kaempfert. (The evening show used "Afrikaan Beat" also
by Kaempfert). Becker also created a puppet known as Henry
Headline, who delivered lighter news to the children who watched.
Becker was quoted in an early 1960s interview in 'Long Island
Press", as saying it was better to introduce children to news
listening on a lighter note; "the impact of a major news
story might be lost to them, or it might even frighten them.
They'll learn about wars and international crises soon enough. I
try to keep the news as light as possible. Occasionally I'll use
an item that has historical value." In spite of this view -
or perhaps because of it - Becker is warmly remembered for the
manner in which he handled one of America's deepest tragedies on
the air. On November 22, 1963, after the assassination of
President John F. Kennedy, Becker went on the air and, quite
movingly, attempted to explain to his young viewers what had
happened. Sadly, most of Becker's programs were not preserved.
Most aired live and were not kinescoped or videotaped; they live
on only in the memories of those who watched them. However, some
of these shows have been preserved and are available for sale at
EarthStation1.com and other websites, and clips have surfacied on
the Internet. After withdrawing from on-camera hosting in 1968,
Becker helped other children's shows create puppets and
characters, and he became known as a mentor to new generations of
children's hosts. Becker died at his home on Long Island in
Remsenburg, New York of a reported heart attack, aged 74. He is
buried at Remsenburg Cemetery in Remsenburg, New York. He once
said of his young audience "I never treated them as though
they were in swaddling clothes," he said many years later of
his young viewers. "Most kid shows regard young viewers as
babies. I wanted to treat them as their parents might if they were
on TV." On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Smokey
Robinson: The Quiet Legend DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Smokey
Robinson, African American singer, songwriter record producer and
record executive, founding member and front man of the Motown
vocal group The Miracles, serving as The Miracle's chief
songwriter and producer, is #born William Robinson Jr. to an
African American father and a mother of African American and
French descent into a poor family in the North End area of
Detroit, Michigan. Robinson's ancestry is also part Nigerian,
Scandinavian, Portuguese, and Cherokee. His uncle Claude gave him
the nickname "Smokey Joe" when he was a child. In 2012,
Robinson explained "My Uncle Claude was my favorite uncle, he
was also my godfather. He and I were really, really close. He used
to take me to see cowboy movies all the time when I was a little
boy because I loved cowboy movies. He got a cowboy name for me,
which was Smokey Joe. So from the time I was three years old if
people asked me what my name was I didn't tell them my name was
William, I told them my name was Smokey Joe. That's what everyone
called me until I was about 12 and then I dropped the Joe part.
I've heard that story about him giving it to me because I'm a
light skinned black man but that's not true." Smokey Robinson
led The Miracles from its 1955 origins as the Five Chimes until
1972 when he announced a retirement from the group to focus on his
role as Motown's vice president. However, Robinson returned to the
music industry as a solo artist the following year. Following the
sale of Motown Records in 1988, Robinson left the company in 1990.
He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987.
Robinson was awarded the 2016 Library of Congress Gershwin Prize
for his lifetime contributions to popular music. Bob Dylan once
quipped that Smokey Robinsons was America's greatest living poet.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII
Films: Japanese Internment Films About Japan MP4 Download DVD Set
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1942: World War II: The Home
Front During World War II: The United States Home Front During
World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific
Theater Of World War II): The History Of Asian Americans: The
History Of Japanese Americans: The Internment Of Japanese
Americans: -- United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs
Executive Order 9066, requiring the United States military to
relocate Japanese Americans living on the Pacific coast to
internment camps. With the words "This order authorized the
force removal of all persons deemed a threat to national security
from the West Coast to 'relocation centers' futher inland -
resulting in the incarceration of Japanese Americans", over
110,000 persons shut down their businesses, sold off their
property, quit school and moved inland to relocation centers.
Two-thirds of them were U.S. citizens, born and raised in the
United States. Notably, far more Americans of Asian descent were
forcibly interned than Americans of European descent, both in
total and as a share of their relative populations. In December
1944, President Roosevelt suspended Executive Order 9066, forced
to do so by the Supreme Court decision Ex parte Endo. Ex parte
Mitsuye Endo, 323 U.S. 283 (1944), was a United States Supreme
Court ex parte decision handed down on December 18, 1944, in which
the Justices unanimously ruled that the U.S. government could not
continue to detain a citizen who was "concededly loyal"
to the United States. Although the Court did not touch on the
constitutionality of the exclusion of people of Japanese ancestry
from the West Coast, which it had found not to violate citizen
rights in its Korematsu v. United States decision on the same
date, the Endo ruling nonetheless led to the reopening of the West
Coast to Japanese Americans after their incarceration in camps
across the U.S. interior during World War II. Korematsu v. United
States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944), was a landmark decision by the
Supreme Court Of The United States to uphold the exclusion of
Japanese Americans from the West Coast Military Area during World
War II. The decision has been widely criticized, with some
scholars describing it as "an odious and discredited artifact
of popular bigotry", and as "a stain on American
jurisprudence". The case is often cited as one of the worst
Supreme Court decisions of all time. Chief Justice John Roberts
explicitly repudiated the Korematsu decision in his majority
opinion in the 2018 case of Trump v. Hawaii, itself a landmark
United States Supreme Court case involving Presidential
Proclamation 9645 signed by President Donald Trump, which
restricted travel into the United States by people from several
nations, or by refugees without valid travel documents, which
proclamation the court remanded for litigation to lower courts for
further proceeding; as of 2023, the legality of such executive
orders and proclamations remain a contentious issue. Following the
Supreme Court's Ex parte Endo decision, Japanese detainees were
released, often to resettlement facilities and temporary housing,
and the camps were shut down by 1946. In the years after the war,
the interned Japanese Americans had to rebuild their lives but had
lost a lot. United States citizens and long-time residents who had
been incarcerated lost their personal liberties; many also lost
their homes, businesses, property, and savings. Individuals born
in Japan were not allowed to become naturalized US citizens until
after passage of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.
========= February 19, 1976: World War II: The Home Front During
World War II: The United States Home Front During World War II:
The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of
World War II): The History Of Asian Americans: The History Of
Japanese Americans: The Internment Of Japanese Americans: --
Executive Order 9066, which led to the relocation of Japanese
Americans to internment camps, is rescinded by President Gerald
Ford's Proclamation 4417. This proclamation of President Ford, who
was himself a veteran of the Pacific War aboard the aircraft
carrier USS Monterey, which was subject to a number of Japanese
kamikaze suicide plane attacks, apologized for the internment,
stating "We now know what we should have known then - not
only was that evacuation wrong but Japanese-Americans were and are
loyal Americans. On the battlefield and at home the names of
Japanese-Americans have been and continue to be written in history
for the sacrifices and the contributions they have made to the
well-being and to the security of this, our common Nation."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: For The
Love Of A Soldier Australian-US WWII Marriages DVD, MP4, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1942: World War II: The
Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World
War II): The Asiatic-Pacific Theater: The Dutch East Indies
Campaign: The Battle Of Timor: The Bombing Of Darwin (The Battle
Of Darwin): -- 242 Japanese aircraft, in two separate raids,
attack the northern Australian city of Darwin, ships in Darwin's
harbour and the town's two airfields in an attempt to prevent the
10,000 Australian and other Allied troops in Darwin from using
them as bases to contest the invasion of Timor and Java. The
attacking planes were from the same fleet that had bombed Pearl
Harbor, though a considerably larger number of bombs were dropped
on Darwin than on Pearl Harbor. Also known as the Battle of
Darwin, this raid was the largest single attack ever mounted by a
foreign power on Australia, and the most in terms of fatalities
and damage. Darwin was lightly defended relative to the size of
the attack, and the Japanese killed at least 243 people and caused
immense damage to the town, airfields and aircraft at little cost
to themselves. More than half of Darwin's civilian population left
the area permanently, before or immediately after the attack.
These two Japanese air raids were the first, and largest, of more
than 100 air raids against Australia during 1942-43. On Sale @ 15%
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Operation
Torch The Liberation Of French North Africa MP4 Download DVD
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1943: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The North African Campaign: The Tunisian
Campaign (The Battle Of Tunisia): The Battle Of Kasserine Pass: --
The first major engagement between American and Axis forces in
World War II begins when the initial handful of inexperienced and
poorly led American battalions suffer appaling casualties at
Kasserine Pass, a 2-mile-wide gap in the Grand Dorsal chain of the
Atlas Mountains in west central Tunisia, and were quickly pushed
back over 50 miles from their positions west of Faid Pass until
they met an advancing brigade of the U.S. 1st Armored Division.
Axis forces, led by Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel, primarily
from the Afrika Korps Assault Group, elements of the Italian
Centauro Armoured Division and two Panzer divisions detached from
the 5th Panzer Army, fought Allied forces consisting of the U.S.
II Corps (Major General Lloyd Fredendall), the British 6th
Armoured Division (Major-General Charles Keightley) and other
parts of the First Army (Lieutenant-General Kenneth Anderson).
After the early and stunning defeat, elements of the U.S. II
Corps, with British reinforcements, rallied and held the exits
through mountain passes in western Tunisia, defeating the Axis
offensive. As a result of the battle, the U.S. Army instituted
sweeping changes of unit organization and replaced commanders and
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Ezra
Pound: In Peace And War DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1949: Poetry: Poetry Awards:
American Poetry Awards: The Bollingen Prize For Poetry (The
Bollingen Prize): -- A jury composed of The Fellows In American
Letters Of The Library Of Congress chooses the inaugural Bollingen
Prize In Poetry to go to Ezra Pound for his collection of poems
The Pisan Cantos. The choice of a work by a man who had been a
committed fascist sympathizer and who was then under indictment
for treason in World War II for his anti-Semitic broadcasts
infuriated many. A bitter controversy ensued in the press, and a
congressional committee requested the Library Of Congress
disassociate itself from the award. The unused portion of the
grant was returned to the Bollingen Foundation in 1949. The
Bollingen Prize For Poetry is a literary honor bestowed on an
American poet. Every two years, the award recognizes a poet for
best new volume of work or lifetime achievement. It is awarded
without nominations or submissions by the Beinecke Rare Book and
Manuscript Library of Yale University. The prize was established
in 1948 by American philanthropist Paul Mellon, funded by a US 10K
USD grant from the Bollingen Foundation to The Library Of
Congress. Both the prize and the foundation are named after the
village of Bollingen, Switzerland and the Bollingen Tower, where
Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung had his home. Ezra Weston Loomis
Pound was an expatriate major figure in the early modernist
movement. His contribution to poetry began with his development of
Imagism, a movement derived from classical Chinese and Japanese
poetry, stressing clarity, precision and economy of language. His
works include Ripostes (1912), Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920) and
the unfinished 120-section epic, The Cantos (1917-1969). Pound
worked in London during the early 20th century as foreign editor
of several American literary magazines, and helped discover and
shape the work of contemporaries such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce,
Robert Frost and Ernest Hemingway. Angered by the carnage of World
War I, Pound lost faith in England and blamed the war on usury and
international capitalism. He moved to Italy in 1924, and
throughout the 1930s and 1940s he embraced Benito Mussolini's
fascism, expressed support for Adolf Hitler, and wrote for
publications owned by the British fascist Oswald Mosley. During
World War II, he was paid by the Italian government to make
hundreds of radio broadcasts criticizing the United States,
Franklin D. Roosevelt and Jews, as a result of which he was
arrested in 1945 by American forces in Italy on charges of
treason. He spent months in detention in a U.S. military camp in
Pisa, including three weeks in a 6-by-6-foot (1.8 by 1.8 m)
outdoor steel cage, which he said triggered a mental breakdown:
"when the raft broke and the waters went over me".
Deemed unfit to stand trial, he was incarcerated in St. Elizabeths
psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C., for over 12 years. While
in custody in Italy, Pound begun to work on sections of The
Cantos. These were published as The Pisan Cantos (1948), for which
he was awarded the Bollingen Prize in 1949 by the Library of
Congress, triggering enormous controversy. Largely due to a
campaign by his fellow writers, he was released from St.
Elizabeths in 1958 and returned to live in Italy until his death.
His political views ensure that his work remains as controversial
now as it was during his lifetime; in 1933 Time magazine called
him "a cat that walks by himself, tenaciously unhousebroken
and very unsafe for children." Hemingway wrote: "The
best of Pound's writing - and it is in the Cantos - will last as
long as there is any literature." On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Vietnam:
The Ten Thousand Day War TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1965: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars:
The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict,
The Resistance War Against America): The United States In The
Vietnam War: The 1965 South Vietnamese Coup: -- Colonel Pham Ngoc
Thao of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam -- who was also a
communist spy of the North Vietnamese Viet Minh -- along with
Generals Lam Van Phat and Tran Thien Khiem -- all Catholics -
attempt a coup against the military junta of the Buddhist Nguyen
Khanh. Their aim was to install General Tran Thien Khiem, a Khanh
rival who had been sent to Washington D.C. as Ambassador to the
United States to prevent him from seizing power. The attempted
coup reached a stalemate, and although the trio did not take
power, a group of officers led by General Nguyen Chanh Thi and Air
Marshal Nguyen Cao Ky, and hostile to both the plot and to Khanh
himself, were able to force a leadership change and take control
themselves with the support of American officials, who had lost
confidence in Khanh. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Russian
Right Stuff: Soviet Space Program TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19, 1986: Rocket Launches: The
History Of Rocketry: The History Of Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of
World War II: The Cold War: The Space Age: The Space Race: The
Soviet Space Program: Human Spaceflight Programs: Space Stations:
Mir (Russian: "Peace", "World"): -- Mir, the
first modular space station, which was stationed in low Earth
orbit from 1986 to 2001 and operated first by the Soviet Union and
later by Russia, is launched at 21:28:23 UTC from Baikonur
Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. It was assembled while in orbit from
1986 to 1996. It had a greater mass than any previous spacecraft.
At the time it was the largest artificial satellite in orbit,
succeeded by the International Space Station (ISS) after Mir's
orbit decayed. The station served as a microgravity research
laboratory in which crews conducted experiments in biology, human
biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology, and spacecraft systems
with a goal of developing technologies required for permanent
occupation of space. Mir was the first continuously inhabited
long-term research station in orbit and held the record for the
longest continuous human presence in space at 3,644 days, until it
was surpassed by the ISS on 23 October 2010. It holds the record
for the longest single human spaceflight, with Valeri Polyakov
spending 437 days and 18 hours on the station between 1994 and
1995. Mir was occupied for a total of twelve and a half years out
of its fifteen-year lifespan, having the capacity to support a
resident crew of three, or larger crews for short visits.
Following the success of the Salyut programme, Mir represented the
next stage in the Soviet Union's space station programme. The
first module of the station, known as the core module or base
block, was launched in 1986 and followed by six further modules.
Proton rockets were used to launch all of its components except
for the docking module, which was installed by US Space Shuttle
mission STS-74 in 1995. When complete, the station consisted of
seven pressurised modules and several unpressurised components.
Power was provided by several photovoltaic arrays attached
directly to the modules. The station was maintained at an orbit
between 296 km (184 mi) and 421 km (262 mi) altitude and travelled
at an average speed of 27,700 km/h (17,200 mph), completing 15.7
orbits per day. The station was launched as part of the Soviet
Union's crewed spaceflight programme effort to maintain a
long-term research outpost in space, and following the collapse of
the USSR, was operated by the new Russian Federal Space Agency
(RKA). As a result, most of the station's occupants were Soviet;
through international collaborations such as the Interkosmos,
Euromir and Shuttle-Mir programmes, the station was made
accessible to space travellers from several Asian, European and
North American nations. Mir was deorbited in March 2001 after
funding was cut off. The cost of the Mir programme was estimated
by former RKA General Director Yuri Koptev in 2001 as 4.2B USD
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Behind
The Horoscope: Validating Natal Astrology DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026
February 19 - March 21: Solar Zodiacal
Transits: -- Pisces (Ancient Greek: Ikhthyes, "Fishes"),
the twelfth astrological sign in the Zodiac, is entered by the
Earth's Sun, which will transit the sign until March 21, according
to the tropical zodiacal system. The ruler of the sign of Pisces
is Jupiter traditionally, though modern astrology also attributes
Neptune as its ruler; Venus is in its exaltation, both Mercury and
Pluto are in their detriment and Mercury is in its fall. Pisces is
one of the triplicity of astrological signs of the element of
water, and as such a negative sign, it is a passive, yin, feminine
sign as one of the six even-numbered signs of the zodiac - Taurus,
Cancer, Virgo, Scorpio, Capricorn, and Pisces - all signs which
constitute the earth and water triplicities. Pisces is one of the
four mutable astrological signs, signs assigned to the end of one
of the four seasons, and as such, Pisces marks the end of winter
in the northern hemisphere, and the end of summer in the southern
hemisphere. Mutable signs are associated with adaptability,
flexibility and sympathy. These signs mediate change and change
their modes of expression frequently in order to meet this end,
and they are often described as being diplomatic and assisting
others through transitions. On the other hand, due to their
dualistic behavior, they can often be inconsistent, uncommitted
and come off as unreliable. Pisces spans 330 dg to 360 dg of
celestial longitude. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits
this area between February 19 and March 20. In sidereal astrology,
the Sun currently transits the constellation of Pisces from
approximately March 12 to April 18. In classical interpretations,
the symbol of the fish is derived from the ichthyocentaurs, who
aided Aphrodite when she was born from the sea. In late Classical
Greek art, ichthyocentaurs, also known as sea-centaurs, were sea
beings with the upper body of a human, the lower anterior half and
fore-legs of a horse, and the tailed half of a fish. The earliest
example dates to the 2nd century B. C., among the friezes in the
Pergamon Altar, a monumental construction built during the reign
of King Eumenes II of the ancient Greek city of Pergamon in Asia
Minor during the first half of the 2nd century BC on one of the
terraces of the city's acropolis. There are further examples of
Aphros and/or Bythos, the personifications of foam and abyss,
respectively, depicted as ichthyocentaurs in mosaics and
sculptures. According to some tropical astrologers, the current
astrological age is the Age of Pisces, while others maintain that
currently it is the Age of Aquarius.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Old
Time Radio Comedy MegaSet MP3 Collection DVD, Download, USB
Today, February 19, 2026February 19: National Chocolate Mint Day:
-- Celebrates the unusual yet delicious flavour which has become a
classic over time. The combination seems to make for a healthy
alternative. Chocolate helps produce serotonin and dopamine, and
the combination of that with mint overall makes for a healthier
candy. Mint is also a powerful herb which aids digestion and
fabulously freshens breath. This triumphant flavor combination
means an entire day dedicated to its taste and vigor. Announced by
the United States National Confectioners Association, national
Chocolate Mint Day honors the flavour pairing and reflects the
mishmash of these two flavours and their popularity. Chocolate
only used to be consumed as a beverage. The Aztecs and Mayans
brought it back to Europe, but it wasn't as popular as it is today
due to its bitterness and medical purposes. Historically, mint
also initially started out as a hot beverage. In Europe, mint was
mixed with cinnamon and spices to make it more palatable. Over
time, sugar, chocolate and mint drinks became popular and
fashionable. By the 1800's, chocolate was already being mass
produced but mixing it with mint did not happen for a while yet.
The Romans and Ancient Greeks genuinely used and valued mint due
to its health benefits. It aids digestion, freshens the breath and
a regular component in many recipes. Combining mint with chocolate
happened around the 19th century when chocolate alone was being
manufactured as confectionary and for ice cream. In the 1940's,
the creation of the York Peppermint Patty was announced, and this
popular development made these two flavours combined, an absolute
hit. The York Cone Company is now owned by Hershey which today
speaks for itself. Since then, the combination of chocolate and
mint is one to be reckoned with. Mass production meant chocolate
was eventually combined with mint to make a dazzling final result.
One of the earliest mass producers of chocolate mints was a place
in New York called Huylers who had a chain of stores across the
U.S. Girl scouts popularised the snack in the 50's and they are
still famous today. Now, chocolate and mint can be found
everywhere from ice cream to cookies and candy.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Kellogg Brothers Corn Flake Kings Biography MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 19, 2026February 19: National Arabian Horse Day:
-- One of those animal holidays that millions of Americans
cherish. This is because Arabian horses have become so widespread
in the country that, even though they could only be owned by
people of affluence originally, they are now beasts that any
average American can own. Despite the Middle East being the
earliest origin of the horse breed, more than half of the few
million Arabian horses in the world are found in the U.S. ground.
The Scottsdale Show, under the Arabian Horse Association of
Arizona, created National Arabian Horse Day in 2021 to be
celebrated on February 19. The aim is to increase the public's
interest, as well as inform them about the exclusiveness of the
Arabian horses. The day is also supported by the Arabian Horse
Times and was first celebrated in 2022 amidst wide acclaim. This
was to be expected, as the Arabian horse holds a special space in
the hearts of many horse admirers. Arabian horses are natives of
the Middle East, particularly the Bedouin populated parts.
Thousands of years ago, these desert Arabs bred and domesticated
the animals, and have used them for purposes such as war horses.
The horses were introduced into other parts of the world through
the Islamic conquest of Arab warriors in European, Asian, and
North African states. Although there were other horse breeds in
Europe before the Arab conquests, the Arabian horse's distinct
features made it widely coveted, and between the 11th and 13th
centuries, they were crossbred with the local breeds, producing
European breeds with distinct Arabian features. The historic
Crabbet Arabian Stud in England, founded by Lady Anne Blunt and
her husband between 1878 and the 1970s, produced horses that
contributed to the spread of Arabian breeds to parts of Russia,
North and South America, Poland, and Australia. In the late 1800s
to early 1900s, wealthy American entrepreneurs fascinated by the
beauty and distinct features of Arabian horses began to import
them from the Middle East and Europe. Through the extensive
breeding programs in the late 20th century, which saw the birth of
about 30,000 Arabian foals yearly, the horse breed became
exceedingly abundant in the U.S. Today, of the few million Arabian
horses in the world, more than 50% are in America.
https://store.earthstation1.com/kebrcoflkibi.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: TV
Commercials: The Classics Vol. 7 DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19: National Lash Day: -- A day
that promotes the importance of proper eyelash care. It is a day
to notice and appreciate both true and false eyelashes for the
beauty they add to our look. Lashes are known to make our eyes pop
and stand out from the crowd. They also serve an even more
important role in helping to protect our eyes from dirt, germs,
and foreign objects and prevent the lubricating moistures in our
eyes from evaporating. It's a holiday created by House Of Lashes,
as a day to "_notice and appreciate both true and false
eyelashes for the beauty they add to every look." The origin
of cosmetics for beautifying eyelashes dates back to 4,000 B.C.
when kohl became popular for darkening the eyelids in Ancient
Egypt. Modern non-toxic mascara is said to have originated in
France in 1913 before it started to take hold in the U.S. years
later, with the debut of Maybelline's mascara whose formula was
made of a mix of Vaseline and coal and was developed by its
founder, Thomas Williams. On National Lash Days, everyone is
encouraged to take special care of their often negligible
eyelashes and flaunt their beauty with a beautiful and luscious
pair of lashes. One interesting fact about our lashes is that they
are made up of 97% keratin - the key structural protein found in
nails, feathers, horns, and claws. It is also believed that
eyelashes grow to an average of over three inches in length, with
those closest to the center usually longer than those on the sides
of the eyelid. And, that eyelashes on the upper eyelid typically
grow fuller than the ones at the bottom; usually, the top would
have between 200 to 300, while the bottom, about 100. It was also
recently discovered that our eyelashes typically start growing
before birth as an embryo between the 22 and 26 weeks of
pregnancy.
https://store.earthstation1.com/tv-commercials-the-classics-vol-7-dv7.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Legacy
With Michael Wood World History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, February 19, 2026February 19: Shiv Jayanti: -- February
19, 1630: #BOTD: #HBD! Shivaji I, Indian ruler of the Bhonsle
Dynasty who carved out his own independent kingdom from the
Sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the Maratha
Confederacy, founder of the Maratha Empire which later become the
Maratha Confederacy (d. April 3, 1680) is #born Shivaji Shahaji
Bhonsale in the hill-fort of Shivneri (Shivneri Fort), an ancient
fortification located near Junnar in Pune district in Maharashtra,
India. Shivaji offered passage and his service to the Mughal
emperor Aurangzeb to invade the declining Sultanate of Bijapur.
After Aurangzeb's departure for the north due to a war of
succession, Shivaji conquered territories ceded by Bijapur in the
name of the Mughals. Following his defeat at the hands of Jai
Singh I in the Battle of Purandar, Shivaji entered into vassalage
with the Mughal empire, assuming the role of a Mughal chief and
was conferred with the title of Raja by Aurangzeb. He undertook
military expeditions on behalf of the Mughal empire for a brief
duration. Over the course of his life, Shivaji engaged in both
alliances and hostilities with the Mughal Empire, the Sultanate of
Golconda, the Sultanate of Bijapur and the European colonial
powers. In 1674, Shivaji was coronated as the king despite
opposition from local Brahmins. Praised for his chivalrous
treatment of women, Shivaji employed people of all castes and
religions, including Muslims and Europeans, in his administration
and armed forces. Shivaji's military forces expanded the Maratha
sphere of influence, capturing and building forts, and forming a
Maratha navy. Shivaji's legacy was revived by Jyotirao Phule about
two centuries after his death. Later on, he came to be glorified
by Indian nationalists such as Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and
appropriated by Hindutva activists. Shiv Jayanti, also known as
Shiv Jayanti, also known as Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Festival
and Shivaji Jayanti, is a festival and public holiday of the
Indian state of Maharashtra which celebrates the birthday of
Shivaji Maharaj, the first Chhatrapati of the Marathas.
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Jayanti established Hindavi Swarajya
(Hindavi Svarajya; "Self-Rule of the hindavi people").
Some people celebrate this day as per Hindu Calendar in
Maharashtra. The celebration was first held in Pune and started by
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule, Indian social activist, businessman,
anti-caste social reformer and writer from Maharashtra.
https://store.earthstation1.com/legacy-with-michael-wood-world-history-tv-series-dvd-mp4-us4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Props
And Jets: Hovercraft DVD MP4 Video Download USB Flash Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19: National Airboat Day: -- If
you're looking for an up-close encounter with the wildlife of the
wetlands then head to Florida's Everglades. This day was created
to give both tourists and locals a chance to explore Floridian
wildlife, especially its misunderstood yet fierce alligators. You
can also get to observe the region's tropical birds and other
endangered species over there. So, book your tickets at Wild
Florida and use this chance to enjoy a thrilling airboat adventure
through the swamps. To enhance tourists' eco-tour experiences,
Wild Florida Airboats created National Airboat Day on February 19,
2021. The Floridian Everglades is home to hundreds of animal
species, many of which are endangered. Wild Florida has been
providing tourists with hands-on encounters with the wild on their
sturdy airboats. On National Airboat Day, Wild Florida offers
tourists heavy discounts for their tours and all they need to do
to claim it is to remember to shout "Happy Airboats Day"
while booking. Airboats are the ideal choice for a cruise through
the swamps and marshes in the Everglades of Florida. Although they
weren't initially invented to serve civilians or for recreational
purposes, they have been widely acknowledged as the perfect means
of transit through coastal mangroves and marshes. 10 years after
the first airboat was created, it was used by the British Army
during their First World War Mesopotamian Campaigns in 1915.
Although civilian airboats began to be constructed in the 1920s,
they didn't see wide usage until the 1930s. At the same time in
the early 1930s, the amphibious vehicle grew popular in America.
One of the first airboats produced in Florida was the
'Whooshmobile' built by the Floridian frog hunter, Johnny Lamb. In
1935, two Chokoloskee Gladesmen, Ernst and Willard Yates, built
their own version of an airboat. Unfortunately for the latter, he
became the first person to die in an airboat accident. Regardless,
modern airboats have not only become more popular but are also
viewed as very safe. We are listing "Props And Jets:
Hovercraft" in commemoration for this title; while airboats
are not hovercraft, this documentary handles them at length, as
they both glide atop the water and peform many of the same
functions.
https://store.earthstation1.com/props-and-jets-hovercraft-dvd-mp4-video-download-usb-flash-driv4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: World
War II: The War Years 17 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 1942: World War II: The
Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World
War II): The Asiatic-Pacific Theater: The Dutch East Indies
Campaign: The Battle Of Timor: -- The island of Portuguese Timor
and Dutch Timor is invaded by Japanese forces and are resisted by
a small, under-equipped force of Allied military personnel known
as Sparrow Force, predominantly from Australia, United Kingdom,
and the Dutch East Indies. Following a brief but stout resistance,
the Japanese succeeded in forcing the surrender of the bulk of the
Allied force after three days of fighting, although several
hundred Australian commandos continued to wage an unconventional
raiding campaign. They were resupplied by aircraft and vessels,
based mostly in Darwin, Australia, about 650 km (400 mi) to the
southeast, across the Timor Sea. During the subsequent fighting,
the Japanese suffered heavy casualties, but they were eventually
able to contain the Australians. The campaign lasted until
February 10, 1943, when the final remaining Australians were
evacuated, making them the last Allied land forces to leave
Southeast Asia following the Japanese offensives of 1941-1942. As
a result, an entire Japanese division was tied up on Timor for
more than six months, preventing its deployment elsewhere.
Although Portugal was not a combatant, many Timorese and European
Portuguese civilians fought with the Allies or provided them with
food, shelter and other assistance. Some Timorese continued a
resistance campaign following the Australian withdrawal. For this,
they paid a heavy price and tens of thousands of Timorese
civilians died as a result of the Japanese occupation, which
lasted until the end of the war in 1945.
https://store.earthstation1.com/world-war-ii-the-war-years-17-part-tv-series-mp4-video-download-174.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The X
Planes TV Documentary Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 1916: #DOTD: #RIP: Ernst
Mach, Austrian/Czech physicist and philosopher who contributed to
the physics of shock waves, of whom the ratio of the speed of a
flow or object to that of sound is named the Mach number in his
honor (b. February 18, 1838) #dies of unspecified causes one day
after his 78th birthday in Vaterstetten, Bavaria, German Empire.
He is buried at Nordfriedhof Munchen in Schwabing, Bavaria,
Germany. Ernst Mach was born Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach in
Chrlice (German: Chirlitz), part of Brno, Moravia, Austrian Empire
(modern Czech Republic). As a philosopher of science (a
philosopher concerned with the foundations, methods, and
implications of science), he was a major influence on logical
positivism (a movement whose central thesis is the verification
principle [the philosophical doctrine that a statement is
meaningful only if it is either empirically verifiable or a truth
of logic]) and American pragmatism (a philosophical tradition that
contends that most philosophical topics -- such as the nature of
knowledge, language, concepts, meaning, belief, and science -- are
all best viewed in terms of their practical uses and successes).
Through his criticism of Newton's theories of space and time, he
foreshadowed Einstein's theory of relativity.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-x-planes-tv-documentary-series-dvd-mp4-usb-driv4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: General
William "Billy" Mitchell DVD, Video Download, USB Flash
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 1936: #DOTD: #RIP: Billy
Mitchell, United States Army general and pilot, regarded as the
father of the United States Air Force (b. December 29, 1879) #dies
of a coronary occlusion (an obstruction of blood flow in a
coronary artery) at Doctors Hospital in New York CityMitchell was
buried at Forest Home Cemetery in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. William
Lendrum Mitchell served in France during World War I and, by the
conflict's end, commanded all American air combat units in that
country. After the war, he was appointed deputy director of the
Air Service and began advocating increased investment in air
power, believing that this would prove vital in future wars. He
argued particularly for the ability of bombers to sink battleships
and organized a series of bombing runs against stationary ships
designed to test the idea. He antagonized many administrative
leaders of the Army with his arguments and criticism and, in 1925,
was returned from appointment as a brigadier general to his
permanent rank of colonel due to his insubordination. Later that
year, he was court-martialed for insubordination after accusing
Army and Navy leaders of an "almost treasonable
administration of the national defense" for investing in
battleships instead of aircraft carriers. He resigned from the
service shortly afterward. Mitchell received many honors following
his death, including a commission by President Franklin D.
Roosevelt as a major general. He is also the only individual for
whom an American military aircraft design, the North American B-25
Mitchell medium bomber, is named, and it served in every theater
of World War II and after the war ended many remained in service,
operating across four decades.
https://store.earthstation1.com/general-william-39billy39-mitchell-documentaries3939.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Twentieth Century History Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 1997: #DOTD: Deng Xiaoping,
Chinese soldier and politician, 1st Vice Premier of the People'
Republic Of China (b. August 22, 1904) #dies at 9:08 p.m. Beijing
time aged 92 from a lung infection and Parkinson's disease. The
public was largely prepared for his death, as there had been
rumors that his health was deteriorating. At 10:00 on the morning
of February 24, people were asked by Premier Li Peng to pause in
silence for three minutes. The nation's flags flew at half-mast
for over a week. Deng's official obituary instructed Chinese
people to study Deng Xiaoping's method of building socialism with
Chinese characteristics. It praised his "scientific attitude
and creative spirit in applying a Marxist stand" and his
"viewpoints and methods to studying new problems and solving
new problems". The nationally televised funeral, which was a
simple and relatively private affair attended by the country's
leaders and Deng's family, was broadcast on all cable channels.
After the funeral, his organs were donated to medical research.
The remains were cremated at Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery and
his ashes were subsequently scattered at sea off the East China
coast (though where exactly is not available in U.S. public
records) from an airplane by his wife, Zhuo Lin, while some of the
ashes were went into the harbor in Hong Kong. For the next two
weeks, Chinese state media ran news stories and documentaries
related to Deng's life and death, with the regular 19:00 National
News program in the evening lasting almost two hours over the
regular broadcast time. Deng's successor, Jiang Zemin, maintained
Deng's political and economic philosophies. Deng was eulogized as
a "great Marxist, great Proletarian Revolutionary, statesman,
military strategist, and diplomat; one of the main leaders of the
Chinese Communist Party, the People's Liberation Army of China,
and the People's Republic of China; the great architect of China's
socialist opening-up and modernized construction; the founder of
Deng Xiaoping Theory". Some elements, notably modern Maoists
and radical reformers (the far left and the far right), had
negative views, however. Deng's death drew international reaction.
UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan said Deng was to be remembered "in
the international community at large as a primary architect of
China's modernization and dramatic economic development".
French President Jacques Chirac said "In the course of this
century, few men have, as much as Deng, led a vast human community
through such profound and determining changes"; British Prime
Minister John Major commented about Deng's key role in the return
of Hong Kong to Chinese control; Canadian Prime Minister Jean
Chretien called Deng a "pivotal figure" in Chinese
history. The Kuomintang chair in Taiwan also sent its condolences,
saying it longed for peace, cooperation, and prosperity. The Dalai
Lama voiced regret that Deng died without resolving questions over
Tibet. Deng Xiaoping was born Deng Xiansheng in Guang'an, Sichuan,
China. Deng Xiaoping, courtesy name Xixian, was the paramount
leader of the People's Republic Of China from 1978 until his
retirement in 1989. He was a veteran of The Long March (October
1934 - October 1935), a military retreat undertaken by the Red
Army of the Communist Party of China over 9,000 kilometers (5600
miles) over 370 days, through some of the most difficult terrain
of western China by traveling west, then north, to Shaanxi. Of the
nearly 80,000 marchers who started the journey, only 6,000 - only
7.5% - made it to Yenan. Of the 200,000 participated in the
march-, with many joining the march after it began, only 40,000 -
only 20% - reached Yenan. Among the survivors were nearly all the
high ranking Communist officials in Chinese government for the
next 40 years---Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Lin Biao and Deng
Xiaoping. On their way north, the Communist redistributed land to
the peasants, organized guerilla groups and armed the peasants
with captured Kuomintang weapons. After Chairman Mao Zedong's
death, Deng led his country through far-reaching market-economy
reforms. While Deng never held office as the head of state, head
of government or General Secretary (that is, the leader of the
Communist Party), he nonetheless was responsible for economic
reforms and an opening to the global economy. During his paramount
leadership, his official state positions were Chairman of the
National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative
Conference from 1978-1983 and Chairman of the Central Military
Commission of the People's Republic Of China from 1983-1990, while
his official party positions were Vice Chairman of the Communist
Party of China from 1977-1982 and Chairman of the Central Military
Commission of the Communist Party of China from 1981-1989. When
Zhou Enlai died in January 1976, there was an outpouring of
national grief. Zhou was a very important figure in Deng's
political life, and his death eroded his remaining support within
the Party's Central Committee. After delivering Zhou's official
eulogy at the state funeral, the Gang Of Four, with Mao's
permission, began the so-called "Criticize Deng and Oppose
the Rehabilitation of Right-leaning Elements" campaign. Hua
Guofeng, not Deng, was selected to become Zhou's successor. On 2
February 1976, the Central Committee issued a Top-Priority
Directive, officially transferring Deng to work on "external
affairs" and thus removing Deng from the party's power
apparatus. Deng stayed at home for several months, awaiting his
fate. Deng's Political Research Office was promptly dissolved, and
Deng's advisers such as Yu Guangyuan suspended. As a result, the
political turmoil halted the economic progress Deng had laboured
for in the past year. On 3 March, Mao issued a directive
reaffirming the legitimacy of the Cultural Revolution and
specifically pointed to Deng as an internal, rather than external,
problem. This was followed by a Central Committee directive issued
to all local party organs to study Mao's directive and criticize
Deng. Deng's reputation as a reformer suffered a severe blow in
1976 when after the mass public mourning of Zhou Enlai on the
traditional Chinese holiday of Ancestors' Day (Qingming Festival)
culminated in the Tiananmen Incident. Some people strongly
disapproved of the removal of the displays of mourning for Zhou, a
widely respected senior Chinese leader who was involved in a
political power struggle with other senior leaders in the
Politburo of the Communist Party of China, particularly with four
senior members who came to be called the Gang Of Four, led by
Jiang Qing, wife of Mao Zedong. To defuse an expected popular
outpouring of sentiment at Zhou's death, the Communist Party of
China limited the period of and degree of public mourning; for
example, the national flag was lowered to half-mast for only one
hour. These measures provoked mourners into gathering in Tiananmen
Square to protest against the central authorities, and the Gang Of
Four ordered the Square to be cleared. They branded the protest as
counter-revolutionary and threatening to their power. Furthermore,
the Gang deemed Deng the mastermind behind the incident, and Mao
himself wrote that "the nature of things has changed".
This prompted Mao to remove Deng from all leadership positions,
although he retained his party membership. Following Mao's death
on 9 September 1976 and the purge of the Gang Of Four in October
1976, Deng gradually emerged as the de facto leader of China.
Prior to Mao's death, the only governmental position he held was
that of First Vice Premier of the State Council, but Hua Guofeng
wanted to rid the Party of extremists and successfully
marginalised the Gang Of Four. On 22 July 1977, Deng was restored
to the posts of Vice-Chairman of the Central Committee,
Vice-Chairman of the Military Commission and Chief of the General
Staff of the People's Liberation Army. By carefully mobilizing his
supporters within the party, Deng outmaneuvered Hua, who had
pardoned him, then ousted Hua from his top leadership positions by
1980. In contrast to previous leadership changes, Deng allowed Hua
to retain membership in the Central Committee and quietly retire,
helping to set the precedent that losing a high-level leadership
struggle would not result in physical harm. Deng repudiated the
Cultural Revolution and, in 1977, launched the "Beijing
Spring", which allowed open criticism of the excesses and
suffering that had occurred during the period. Meanwhile, he was
the impetus for the abolition of the class background system.
Under this system, the CPC removed employment barriers to Chinese
deemed to be associated with the former landlord class; its
removal allowed a faction favoring the restoration of the private
market to enter the Communist Party. Deng gradually outmaneuvered
his political opponents. By encouraging public criticism of the
Cultural Revolution, he weakened the position of those who owed
their political positions to that event, while strengthening the
position of those like himself who had been purged during that
time. Deng also received a great deal of popular support. As Deng
gradually consolidated control over the CPC, Hua was replaced by
Zhao Ziyang as premier in 1980, and by Hu Yaobang as party chief
in 1981, despite the fact that Hua was Mao Zedong's designated
successor as the "paramount leader" of the Communist
Party of China and the People's Republic Of China. Deng's
elevation to China's new number-one figure meant that the
historical and ideological questions around Mao Zedong had to be
addressed properly. Because Deng wished to pursue deep reforms, it
was not possible for him to continue Mao's hard-line "class
struggle" policies and mass public campaigns. In 1982 the
Central Committee of the Communist Party released a document
entitled On the Various Historical Issues since the Founding of
the People's Republic Of China. Mao retained his status as a
"great Marxist, proletarian revolutionary, militarist, and
general", and the undisputed founder and pioneer of the
country and the People's Liberation Army. "His
accomplishments must be considered before his mistakes", the
document declared. Deng personally commented that Mao was "seven
parts good, three parts bad." The document also steered the
prime responsibility of the Cultural Revolution away from Mao
(although it did state that "Mao mistakenly began the
Cultural Revolution") to the "counter-revolutionary
cliques" of the Gang Of Four and Lin Biao.
https://store.earthstation1.com/twentieth-century-history-15-episode-tv-series-2-dual-layer-d152.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Offshore Pirate Radio 1960s-1980s MP3s DVD, Audio Download, USB
Drive
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 2022: #DOTD: #RIP: Gary
Brooker, English singer and pianist, and the founder and lead
singer of the rock band Procol Harum (b. May 29, 1945) #dies from
cancer at his home in Surrey at the age of 76. His cremains were
given to his widow Francoise Riedo ("Franky"), a Swiss
au pair whom he met circa 1965 and married in 1968. The couple had
no children. Gary Brooker MBE was born in Hackney Hospital, East
London, England. He founded the Paramounts in 1962 with his
guitarist friend, Robin Trower. The band gained respect within the
burgeoning 1960s British R & B scene, which yielded the
Beatles, the Animals, the Spencer Davis Group, the Rolling Stones,
and many others. The Rolling Stones, in particular, were
Paramounts fans, sharing the stage with them several times in the
early 1960s. In 1966, Brooker founded Procol Harum with his friend
Keith Reid. The group named themselves "Procul Harum"
after a male blue Burmese cat, which had been bred by Eleonore
Vogt-Chapman and belonged to Liz Coombes, a friend. Stevens
suggested the group name themselves after the cat, which the group
immediately accepted. However, the cat's pedigree name was in fact
"Procul Harun", the "Procul" being the
breeder's prefix, but since the name was taken down over the
telephone, this led to a misspelling. Although people informed the
band that the name is Latin for "beyond these things",
this is incorrect, as the correct term would be "Procul His".
"A Whiter Shade of Pale" is the worldwide hit for which
Procol Harum is best known, but Brooker's melancholic vocals and
emotive, eclectic piano playing were a key part of the band's
musical mix. In the early years Brooker, Hammond organist Matthew
Fisher, and Trower were the guiding musical forces behind the
band, but after disparities in style became too much and Fisher
and Trower left, Brooker was the clear leader. Brooker started a
solo career and released the album No More Fear of Flying in 1979.
The same year, Brooker joined friend and neighbour Eric Clapton's
band. With Brooker in the lineup, they released the studio album
Another Ticket. Clapton fired the entire band in 1981, but he and
Brooker remained good friends afterwards, and were for many years
neighbours in the Surrey Hills. Brooker joined Clapton for several
one-off benefit gigs over the years. Brooker sang lead vocal on
the Alan Parsons Project song "Limelight", on their 1985
album, Stereotomy. Brooker sang the lead vocal of the song "No
News from the Western Frontier", a single taken from the
album Hi-Tec Heroes by the Dutch performer Ad Visser. A new
incarnation of Procol Harum, led by Brooker, continued touring the
world, celebrating its 40th anniversary in July 2007 with two days
of musical revels at St John's, Smith Square, in London. Brooker
also toured with Ringo Starr's All-Starr Band in 1997 and 1999,
and he was also a member of Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings for several
years, appearing on three of their albums and touring with the
band. On September 28, 1996, as the Gary Brooker Ensemble, he
organised a charity concert to raise funds for his local church,
St Mary and All Saints, in Surrey. The resulting live CD of the
concert, Within Our House, originally released on a fan club CD in
a limited run of 1000 units, later became a collectable recording.
His guests and supporting artists included Dave Bronze, Michael
Bywater, Mark Brzezicki, and Robbie McIntosh. Also in 1996,
Brooker appeared in the Alan Parker film adaptation of Andrew
Lloyd Webber's Evita starring Madonna, Jonathan Pryce, and Antonio
Banderas. Playing the part of Juan Atilio Bramuglia, he sang the
song "Rainbow Tour" with Peter Polycarpou and Antonio
Banderas. Brooker said that his greatest single earning in his
career was from his appearance in the film. Brooker contributed to
George Harrison's albums All Things Must Pass (1970), Somewhere in
England (1981) and Gone Troppo (1982). On November 29, 2002 he was
among musicians and singers participating in the Harrison tribute
concert, Concert for George, at which he sang lead vocals on their
version of "Old Brown Shoe". In 2005, former Procol
Harum organist Matthew Fisher filed suit in the High Court against
Brooker and his publisher, claiming that he co-wrote the music for
the song. Fisher won the case on December 20, 2006 but was awarded
40% of the composers' share of the music copyright, rather than
the 50% he was seeking, and was not granted royalties for the
period before 2005.
https://store.earthstation1.com/offshore-pirate-radio-2-dual-layer-mp3-dvds-uk-amp-euro23.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Wrong Arm Of The Law Pater Sellers Lionel Jeffries DVD, MP4, USB
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 2010: #DOTD: #RIP: Lionel
Jeffries, English actor, director, screenwriter and soldier (b.
June 10, 1926) #dies at a nursing home in Poole, Dorset, aged 83,
having suffered from vascular dementia for the last twelve years
of his life. His remains were cremated, and the ashes were given
to his widow Eileen Mary Walsh. In honor of his passing, he is
mentioned before the ending titles in the film The First Men In
The Moon, released in 2010: "For Lionel Jeffries 1926-2010".
Born Lionel Charles Jeffries in Forest Hill, South London to
Salvation Army social worker parents, Lionel Jeffries appeared
primarily in films and received a Golden Globe Award nomination
during his acting career. As a boy, he attended the Queen
Elizabeth Grammar School in Wimborne Minster in Dorset. In 1945,
he received a commission in the Oxford and Buckinghamshire Light
Infantry and served in Burma at the Rangoon radio station during
the Second World War, being awarded the Burma Star. He blamed the
Burmese humidity for his hair loss at the age of 19. He also
served as a captain in the Royal West African Frontier Force. He
trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. He entered repertory
at the David Garrick Theatre, Lichfield, Staffordshire for two
years and appeared in early British television plays. Jeffries
built a successful career in British films mainly in comic
character roles and as he was prematurely bald he often played
characters older than himself, such as the role of father to
Caractacus Potts (played by Dick Van Dyke) in the film Chitty
Chitty Bang Bang (1968), although Jeffries was actually six months
younger than Van Dyke. His acting career reached a peak in the
1960s with leading roles in other films like Two-Way Stretch
(1960), The Trials of Oscar Wilde (1960), Murder Ahoy! (opposite
Margaret Rutherford), First Men in the Moon (1964) and Camelot
(1967). He costarred with Peter Sellers in The Wrong Arm Of The
Law (1963). Jeffries turned to writing and directing children's
films, including a well-regarded version of The Railway Children
(1970) and The Amazing Mr Blunden (1972). He was a member of the
British Catholic Stage Guild. Jeffries had a negative attitude
towards television and avoided the medium for many years. He
reluctantly appeared on television in an acting role in the 1980
London Weekend Television Dennis Potter drama Cream in My Coffee
and realised that television production values were now little
different from those in the film industry; as a result he
developed a belated career in television. He appeared in an
episode of the Thames Television/ITV comedy-drama Minder in 1983
as Cecil Caine, an eccentric widower, and in an episode of
Inspector Morse in 1990 (Central Television/Zenith/ITV). He
starred as Tom (Thomas Maddisson) in the Thames/ITV situation
comedy Tom, Dick and Harriet with Ian Ogilvy and Brigit Forsyth.
During location filming with Ogilvy for a 1983 episode, a stunt
involving a car and a lake went very badly wrong, ending up with
Jeffries only just managing to get out of the car's front window
before the vehicle sank in 45 feet of water. Jeffries retired from
acting in 2001 and his health declined in the following years.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Million
Dollar Legs (1932) W.C. Fields Jack Oakie Download Or DVD
Today, February 19, 2026February 19, 1908: #BOTD: #HBD! Susan
Fleming, American actress, beauty and Lady, known as the "Girl
with the Million Dollar Legs" for a role she played in the W.
C. Fields film Million Dollar Legs, wife of comic actor Harpo Marx
and thereby sister in law to Groucho, Chico, Zeppo and Gummo (d.
December 22, 2002) is #born Susan Alva Fleming in New York City.
Her big stage break, which led to her Hollywood career, was as a
Ziegfeld girl, performing in Rio Rita. Harpo Marx and Susan
Fleming adopted four children: Bill, Alex, Jimmy, and Minnie. When
asked by George Burns in 1948 as to how many children he planned
to adopt, he answered, "I'd like to adopt as many children as
I have windows in my house. So when I leave for work, I want a kid
in every window, waving goodbye." Susan Fleming died aged 94
of a heart attack at Eisenhower Medical Center (EMC) in Rancho
Mirage, California She died on the same day as her close friend,
Mary De Vithas, her brother-in-law Chico Marx's second and last
wife. Her remains were cremated; the final disposition of his
ashes is not publicly disclosed, though it is likely that they
were given to their eldest child, Bill.
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